Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution (TCMC) theory states that individuals with a biased TCMC are more likely to suffer from specific diseases. However, little is known regarding the influence of TCMC on susceptibility to hypertension. The aim of this study is to examine the possible relationship between TCMC and hypertension. Retrospective evaluation and observation were performed using t...

Individuals may perceive the concepts in Korean medicine pattern classification differently because it is performed according to the integration of a variety of information. Therefore, analysis about individual perspective is very important for examining the cross-sectional perspective state of Korean medicine concepts and developing both the clinical guideline including diagnosis and the curri...

We investigated the effects of indacaterol on cough and phlegm in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed a meta-analysis with five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of indacaterol in stable COPD patients. The symptom severity was defined using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). We analyzed patients treated with 150 µg (n = 945) and 300 ...

Mizaj (Temperament) is one of the basic concepts ofUnani system of medicine upon which diagnosis and line of treatment of a disease are based. Every human being has been furnished a specific Mizaj through which an individual performs his functions properly. If it is disturbed, body becomes more susceptible to develop such diseases having same temperament as that of an individual. Objective of t...

INTRODUCTION  Studies to understand the vocal profile of a population are important to plan collective health measures. The prevalence of vocal symptoms can be indicative of vocal disorder and must be investigated to support measures to prevent vocal diseases. AIM  To characterize vocal symptoms in college students and their possible causes, and to analyze the association between hoarseness, ...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to test whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism contributes to the physical constitutions classified in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). DESIGN Seven hundred six (706) individuals of the Han ethnic group inhabiting South China were classified into 7 TCM constitution groups, according to the criteria described in Theories of Physical Constitut...

In 1971-3 data on smoking habits, cigarette brand smoked, morning phlegm production, and lung function were recorded for factory workers as part of the Heart Disease Prevention Project. These men were reassessed in 1984 and those who had always smoked cigarettes from the same tar group were compared with those who had dropped one tar group (mean decreases of 6.6 mg tar, 0.1 mg nicotine) and two...

Effects of indoor pollution exposure were evaluated in a general population sample (n = 3,289) living in the Po River Delta area. Prevalence rates of chronic cough in men and dyspnoea in women were significantly higher in association with the use of bottled gas (propane) for cooking instead of natural gas (methane). Chronic cough and phlegm in men and dyspnoea in women were significantly associ...

Relations between pulmonary symptoms and exposure to respirable dust and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were evaluated for 145 silicon carbide (SiC) production workers with an average of 13.9 (range 3-41) years of experience in this industry. Eight hour time weighted average exposures to SO2 were 1.5 ppm or less with momentary peaks up to 4 ppm. Cumulative SO2 exposure averaged 1.94 (range 0.02-19.5) pp...