Introduction In the three-point Dixon water fat separation method, one in-phase echo and two out-of-phase echoes are sampled in Cartesian k-space trajectory conventionally [1][2]. The Cartesian sampling is sensitive to motions, such as from pulsation and flow, which cause artifacts degrading the image quality. To address this problem, a non Cartesian sampling method, TSE BLADE three-point Dixon...

Monte Carlo scalar radiative transfer simulation of light scattering in plane parallel slab is not a simple problem, especially in the study of angular distribution of light intensity. Approximate phase function such as Henyey-Greenstein is often used to simulate the Mie phase function. But even for sphere particle this function is sometimes a poor approximation of real phase function. For a sp...

Two-phase sampling design is a common practice in many medical studies with rare disorders. Generally the first-phase classification is fallible but relatively cheap, while the accurate second-phase state of-the-art medical diagnosis is complex and rather expensive to perform. When constructed efficiently it offers great potential for higher true case detection as well as for higher precision. ...

Disparity can be estimated using the phase differences between a pair of stereo images after Gabor filtering. In this paper a simple method is proposed for target detection, which uses shift-trials of phase differences to detect the mean disparity over the sampling window up to the precision of one pixel (the sampling interval unit). The process is posed as a problem of minimising the phase dif...

To accurately determine the reaction path and its energetics for enzymatic and solution-phase reactions, we present a sequential sampling and optimization approach that greatly enhances the efficiency of the ab initio quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics minimum free-energy path (QM/MM-MFEP) method. In the QM/MM-MFEP method, the thermodynamics of a complex reaction system is described by the p...

In this paper first a current predictive method for single open-phase fault detection in a three phase drive with a permanent magnet synchronous machine is presented. The proposed method is based on a predictive stator current calculation. For each sampling interval the difference between the actual stator current and its predicted value in a previous sampling interval is calculated. To identif...

Measuring toxicity is one of the main steps in drug development. Hence, there is a high demand for computational models to predict the toxicity effects of the potential drugs. In this study, we used a dataset, which consists of four toxicity effects:mutagenic, tumorigenic, irritant and reproductive effects. The proposed model consists of three phases. In the first phase, rough set-based methods...

Two-phase sampling design, where biomarkers are subsampled from a phase-one cohort sample representative of the target population, has become the gold standard in biomarker evaluation. Many two-phase case-control studies involve biased sampling of cases and/or controls in the second phase. For example, controls are often frequency-matched to cases with respect to other covariates. Ignoring bias...

acetonitrile used as a solvent in manufactures and affects to central nervous system from inhalation exposure. the aim of this study was to develop a micro-solid phase extraction method for  the determination of acetonitrile in the air matrix. the sampling was performed with a small diameter fused silica fiber coated with a thin film of stationary phase and was subsequently desorbed and analyze...