Measurements of the chirality (2 pi/pitch) in the chiral nematic phase and of a structural constant proportional to the chirality in the isotropic liquid for a system in which a helix inversion line crosses the chiral nematic to isotropic phase transition line are reported. While the chirality shows a strong temperature dependence in the chiral nematic phase, it loses all temperature dependence...

Disc immuno-immobilization is a simple method for typing the flagellar phase of Salmonella enterica. We re-examined this method using commercial antisera, which contains the preservative sodium azide. Originally prepared motility agar activates bacterial motility and renders S. enterica resistant to sodium azide, resulting in the formation of immuno-immobilization lines around reactive immuno-d...

in this study, the conditions for producing invert syrup were optimized and factors such as type of acid citric, hydrochloridric and tartaric (each at two levels), reaction time (1 and 1.5 h) and temperature (70 and 80°c) were studied. the properties of invert syrups which produced by different methods were compared with each other and a standard and optimized method, for inversion reaction, wa...

Six forest tree height inversion methods of polarimetric SAR interferometry were validated using repeat pass E-SAR datasets and the corresponding ground measured forest stand height. We show that SINC, three stage full model and three stage SINC inversions have good performance, and the SINC inversion with the first optimum coherence (OPT1) produces the best result among the eleven coherence ty...

The low-level atmospheric temperature inversion is a dominant feature of the Arctic atmosphere throughout most of the year. Meteorological stations that provide radiosonde data are sparsely distributed across the Arctic, and therefore provide little information on the spatial distribution of temperature inversions. Satellite-borne sensors provide an opportunity to fill the observational gap. In...

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) concentration (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) on performance polysulfone (PSF) membrane. The membranes were fabricated by a common phase inversion method. was determined based pure water flux, bovine serum albumin (BSA) permeation test. These characterized FTIR contact angle measurements. highest BSA rejection 53%. optimum membrane (2 % ...

Precipitating versions of the quasigeostrophic (QG) equations are derived systematically, starting from the equations of a cloud-resolving model. The presence of phase changes of water from vapor to liquid and vice versa leads to important differences from the dry QG case. The precipitating QG (PQG) equations, in their simplest form, have two variables to describe the full system: a potential v...