Electromagnetic (EM) Metamaterials have specific EM properties that cannot be found in nature (Caloz & Itoh, 2006). These specific EM properties are obtained by the artificial structures, rather than the composition of the metamaterials, and affect the propagations of EM waves when the average structure sizes are much smaller than the guided wavelengths ┣g, i.e., at least smaller than ┣g/4. Sin...

We determined the separations of the radio sources in the triangle formed by the BL Lac objects 1803+784 and 2007+777, and the QSO 1928+738 from in-tercontinental interferometric observations carried out in November 1991 at the frequencies of 2.3 and 8.4 GHz. Difference phase-delay astrometry yielded the following separations: ∆α (1803+784)−(1928+738) =–1 h 27 m 2.

Traffic jam often occurs around the signalized intersection because each takes “stop-and-go cost” to pass through the intersection. Hence, traffic signal control has significant meanings in reducing the traffic jams efficiently. A modification method of traffic signal control management based on self-organizing is introduced. The self-organizing observed in non-linier coupled oscillators is ref...

Group delay ripples less than 3 ps in amplitude were measured in chirped fiber Bragg gratings used as gain flattening filters. The delay ripples of cascaded filters increase as the square root of their number.

In this paper, a novel multitaper modified group delay function-based representation for speech signals is proposed. With a set of phoneme-based experiments, it is shown that the proposed method performs better that an existing multitaper magnitude (MT-MAG) estimation technique, in terms of variance and MSE, both in spectraland cepstral-domains. In particular, the performance of MT-MOGDF is fou...

Measurements of the phase delay of the current and force on a ring floated on a commonly available Thomson’s jumping ring apparatus were performed for phase angles from 12° to 88°. The force and phase data show excellent agreement with a linear inductive model. We find that the demonstration, as usually performed with large highly conducting rings, operates in the inductance-dominated regime at...

We propose and demonstrate a novel method to improve the accuracy of measurements of group delays using the conventional phase-shift technique. In particular, the method allows for accurate reconstruction of the actual group delay when a high modulation frequency is employed to increase the timing resolution. The method is based on postprocessing of the measured data in a deconvolution operatio...

We show that the group delay in tunnelling is not a traversal time but a lifetime of stored energy or stored probability escaping through both ends of the barrier. Because it is a lifetime associated with both forward (transmitted) and backward (reflected) fluxes, it cannot be used to define a group velocity for forward transit in cases where a wavepacket is mostly reflected. For photonic tunne...

The echolocating bat, Eptesicus fuscus, perceives the distance to sonar targets from the delay of echoes and the shape of targets from the spectrum of echoes. However, shape is perceived in terms of the target's range proftle. The time separation of echo components from parts of the target located at different distances is reconstructed from the echo spectrum and added to the estimate of absolu...

We present a simple electronic circuit that produces negative delays. When a pulse is sent to the circuit as input, the output is a pulse with a similar wave form that is shifted forward in time. The advance time or negative delay can be increased to the order of seconds so that we can observe the advance with the naked eye by observing two light emitting diodes that are connected to the input ...