We evaluated dual-echo Dixon in-phase and out-of-phase (IP-OP), chemical shift imaging (CSI), and (1)H MRS (hydrogen MR spectroscopy) in estimating fat content (FC) in phantoms and in livers of mice. Phantoms were made according to the volume percentage of fat ranging from 0% to 100%. The three MR methods were performed to measure FC in phantoms and in livers of obese leptin-deficient (ob/ob), ...

The magnetic heating treatment (MHT) is well known as a promising therapy for cancer diseases. Depending on concentration and specific heating power of the magnetic material as well as on parameters of the magnetic field, temperatures between 43 and 55 1C can be reached. This paper deals with the evaluation of heat distribution around such a heat source in a tissue model, thereby focusing on th...

OBJECTIVE We wanted to evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of a newly designed balloon sheath for gastrointestinal guidance and access by conducting a phantom study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The newly designed balloon sheath consisted of an introducer sheath and a supporting balloon. A coil catheter was advanced over a guide wire into two gastroduodenal phantoms (one was with stricture and o...

We review the development of phantoms for optical coherence tomography (OCT) designed to replicate the optical, mechanical and structural properties of a range of tissues. Such phantoms are a key requirement for the continued development of OCT techniques and applications. We focus on phantoms based on silicone, fibrin and poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels (PVA-C), as we believe these materials hold...

We have designed a photoacoustic probe for port-wine stain (PWS) depth measurements consisting of optical fibers for laser light delivery and a piezoelectric element for acoustic detection. We characterized the capabilities and limitations of the probe for profiling PWS skin. The probe induced and measured photoacoustic waves in acrylamide tissue phantoms and PWS skin in vivo. The optical prope...

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phantoms are routinely used for quality assurance in MRI centres; however their long term stability for verification of myocardial T1/ extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping has never been investigated. METHODS Nickel-chloride agarose gel phantoms were formulated in a reproducible laboratory procedure to mimic blood and myocardial T1 and T2 val...

PURPOSE A range of anatomically realistic multimodality renal artery phantoms consisting of vessels with varying degrees of stenosis was developed and evaluated using four imaging techniques currently used to detect renal artery stenosis (RAS). The spatial resolution required to visualize vascular geometry and the velocity detection performance required to adequately characterize blood flow in ...

Inaccuracies in intraoperative tumor localization and evaluation of surgical margin status result in suboptimal outcome of breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Optical imaging, in particular near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, might reduce the frequency of positive surgical margins following BCS by providing the surgeon with a tool for pre- and intraoperative tumor localization in real-time....

Accurate measurement of spatial resolution in terms modulation transfer function (MTF) is essential computed tomography (CT) images. The purpose this study was to developed a computational phantom that can be used evaluate the effect noise on MTF CT Our phantoms for measuring were with MATLAB software. image blurred by point spread certain standard deviation. Subsequently, different levels adde...

The effects of calibration phantoms on the correction results of the empirical artifacts correction method (ECCU) for the case of tube modulation were investigated. To improve the validity of the ECCU method, the effect of the geometry parameter of a typical single-material calibration phantom (water calibration phantom) on the ECCU algorithm was investigated. Dual-material calibration phantoms...