“The authors thank the help from the Statistical Analysis Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and the Statistical Analysis Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. This study is based in part on data from the National Health Insurance Research Database provided by the National Health Insurance Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare and m...

Rootstock cuttings infected with latent Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTD’s) pathogens are a major problem for nurseries. These fungal include several species of the genera Phaeoacremonium, Phaeomoniella, Cadophora, Dactylonectria, Ilyonectria, Diaporthe and family Botryosphaeriaceae. Infected rootstock can cause losses up to 60 % during propagation post planting, be reservoir disease in vineyard. ...

conclusions the results of the present study revealed that soil resources of these areas were contaminated with opportunistic amoebas such as acanthamoeba and hartmannella spp. and this may lead to severe diseases in high-risk people, such as immunocompromised patients. background free-living amoebas are very abundant in nature, especially in water and soil. some species of amoebas cause seriou...