OBJECTIVE To validate the targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform-Ion Torrent PGM for KRAS exon 2 and expanded RAS mutations detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) colorectal cancer (CRC) specimens, with comparison of Sanger sequencing and ARMS-Scorpion real-time PCR. SETTING Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS 51 archived FFPE CRC samples (36 men, 15 women) were retrospec...

Adhesion of bacteria to mucus may favor their persistence within the gut and their beneficial effects to the host. Interactions between pig gastric mucin (PGM) and a natural isolate of Lactococcus lactis (TIL448) were measured at the single-cell scale and under static conditions, using atomic force microscopy (AFM). In parallel, these interactions were monitored at the bacterial population leve...

To reduce the platinum group metal (PGM) loading in anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), it is important to transition catalysts with very low PGM content, and eventually that are completely PGM-free. In this work, four supported low-PGM Pt PtRu were prepared using a new, simple, scalable technique: Controlled Surface Tension (CST) method. CST allows for high density of small multi-atom...

The enzymes phosphomannomutase (PMM), phospho-N-acetylglucosamine mutase (PAGM) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) reversibly catalyse the transfer of phosphate between the C6 and C1 hydroxyl groups of mannose, N-acetylglucosamine and glucose respectively. Although genes for a candidate PMM and a PAGM enzymes have been found in the Trypanosoma brucei genome, there is, surprisingly, no candidate gene ...

Address correspondence to: Raúl H. Morales-Borges, MD, Ashford Institute of Hematology & Oncology, 29 Washington Street, Suite #107, San Juan, PR 009071509. E-mail address: [email protected] splenic infarction is rare and the prothrombin gene mutation (pGM) is not commonly observed in puerto rico. pGM is present in 1% of the general population, and in 7% of the people with deep venous th...

This paper revisits the classical Polynomial Mutation (PLM) operator and proposes a new probe guided version of the PLM operator designed to be used in conjunction with Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs). The proposed Probe Guided Mutation (PGM) operator is validated by using data sets from six different stock markets. The performance of the proposed PGM operator is assessed in comp...

Yersinia pestis is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that can replicate in macrophages. Little is known about the mechanism by which Y. pestis replicates in macrophages, and macrophage defense mechanisms important for limiting intracellular survival of Y. pestis have not been characterized. In this work, we investigated the ability of Y. pestis to replicate in primary murine macrop...

Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, a potent hematopoietic cytokine, has been shown to stimulate production of white blood cells following chemotherapy. Therefore, the granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor gene is a potential candidate for the treatment of different pathological conditions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the suitability of chitosan as carri...

Corresponding Author Tel: +385 51 651 150 Fax: +385 51 675 699 E-mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND: Peptidoglycan monomer (PGM), which was originally prepared by biosynthesis from culture fluids of penicillin-treated Brevibacterium divaricatum, is an immunostimulator, the activities of which might be improved by addition of zinc (Zn) to the basic molecule. Methods: To test the possible cytotoxic...

Phosphoglycerate-mutase (PGM) is an ubiquitous glycolytic enzyme, which in eukaryotic cells can be found in different compartments. In prokaryotic cells, several PGMs are annotated/localized in one compartment. The identification and functional characterization of PGMs in prokaryotes is therefore important for better understanding of metabolic regulation. Here we introduce a method, based on a ...