Continued use of petroleum sourced fuels is now widely recognized as unsustainable because of depleting supplies and the contribution of these fuels to the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the environment. Renewable, carbon neutral, transport fuels are necessary for environmental and economic sustainability. Biodiesel derived from oil crops is a potential renewable and carbon neutral alternati...

Recently, bio-based oil was used as industrial lubricant due to the increasing consideration on environment effect and health issues and in order to replace the usage of petroleum-based oil. The modified vegetable oil exhibit excellent lubrication and tribological performances when compared to the petroleum-based oil. In this study, the crude jatropha oil was modified via chemical modification ...

The effect of crude oil contaminated soil on the growth of seashore Paspalum ( Paspalum vaginatum .) seedlings was investigated. Plants were grown in soil containing different concentrations: 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 3% (w/w) of Abura crude petroleum oil. Growth parameter such as shoot number, shoot length, leaf area and biomass accumulation were evaluated. The results showed that crude oil imp...

A molecule-based characterization methodology was developed for correlation and prediction of assays and properties for crude oil and petroleum fractions. From readily accessible crude oil, the assay data such as distillation curve, API gravity, and PNA contents, identifies an optimal set of chemical compositions of model hydrocarbon molecules that were designed to mimic measurable physical and...

This paper investigates oil vulnerability in Australian cities and the implications of this problem for Australian urban planning and planning elsewhere. The paper has four objectives. First, the paper investigates the changing global petroleum supply context and potential future supply trajectories. Second, the paper uses the notion of ‘oil vulnerability’ to investigate how such a changing glo...

2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D1318 Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method) D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy D3340 Test Method for Lithium and Sodium in Lubricating Greases by Flame Photometer D3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy D3831 Test...

Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons is one of the major practices in the natural decontamination process. We tested the effectiveness of some carriers and immobilization methodology for four cultures of hydrocarbon-degrading strains isolated from oil-polluted wastewater of the American Petroleum Institute (API) separators (1, 2, and 4) of the Alexandria Petroleum Company (APC), Alex...

Oil spills and petroleum based pollutions are very common which cause a potential threat to both terrestrial as well as aquatic life. Bioremediation has become an alternative way to remedy. These microorganisms can degrade a wide range of target constituents present in oil sludge. An ability to isolate high numbers of certain oil degrading microorganisms from an environment is commonly taken as...

The growing global demand for sustainable technologies that improves the efficiency of petrochemical processes in the oil industry has driven advances in petroleum biotechnology in recent years. Petroleum industry uses substantial amounts of petrochemical-based synthetic surfactants in its activities as mobilizing agents to increase the availability or recovery of hydrocarbons as well as many o...

The subject of petroleum storage tank fires has gained a great deal of attention due to the high cost of petroleum, and the consequent disruption of petroleum production; therefore, much of the current research has focused on petroleum storage tank fires. Also, the number of petroleum tank fires is oscillating between 15 and 20 fires per year. About 33% of all tank fires are attributed to light...