abstract: narrate (rawayat) was a way to preservation and transmit of poetry. rawayat is an arabic word and means: carryng of water, and metaphorically means: convey the poetry and hadith. in persian literature famous poets sang their poetry or had one or more rawis, who preserved and sang their verses. these rawis had particulars. in this essay we extract these particulars from verses and indi...

several structures, themes, content and semantic elements of the poems can be described to analyze the poetry of each poet, and the quality of their pristine and pure conditions and their impact on the thought of future poets would be assessed. depending on their artistry and linguistic creativity, khaghani and hafez were the poets who could create their own specific styles by making rhetoric f...

traditionalists of european literature in the sixteenth century ad, were trying to restore that literary heritage due to technical and human theme of the ancient greek literature since modernists began to confront the traditionalists by the the end of the seventeenth century and invited them to avoid old formats and to define literature and poetry in another way. since then, persian and arabic ...

Abu al-Ma'ani Mirza Abdul Qadir Bidel is one of the greatest mystical poets unity Existence. The use particular terms in a symbolic and way complicates elucidates artistic structure his poetry, limiting making difficult Saud on mountain ridge thought this eloquent mystic. This article seeks to explain what mystery its approach Persian poetry works gnostic mystics, especially Hazrat Abolmaani Bi...

the “human mud” is one of the motifs of the poetry attributed to khayyam. the imagery, concepts and philosophical thoughts about the human being's origin (creation, death, life after death) form the essence of this poetry. are the khayyam's quatrains about creation original and new? or do they have a precedent in the ancient world poetry? why does the iranian literary criticism claim that this ...

The emergence of modern Kurdish poetry marks a period great significance in the history literature since it witnessed advent modernity, rise nationalism, fall Persian and Ottoman Empires, creation Middle East with no country for Kurds. In this article I examine complex process poetic modernisation which unfolded over oeuvres generations poets from late 19th century till its culmination 1940s. i...

Arap şiirinde bedensel aşkın, kadınlarla yarenliğin ve onlarla yaşanılan aşk maceralarının anlatıldığı duygular, Cahiliye döneminde yazılan kaside nesiplerinde yer almıştır. Bu nesiplerde dillendirilen maceraları bazen estetik kaygı uçarı söylemle ifade edilmiştir. Gerçek sevgiliyle duygular estetik, bu sevgilinin dışında kalanlarla zevke dayalı duyguların paylaşıldığı, günü birlik kaçamakların...

plants in ancient fictional texts describe the  relation between low world and super worlds and appear in forms including ritual resurrection, human reincarnation in plant and vice versa, identification of human and plant , and etc which  relate human's spirit to supernatural. contemporary persian poets are taking advantage of a new language that is full of mythical concepts for expression...