The addition of organic manure affects the biological, chemical and physical properties of soil that control the fate of herbicides. Three dinitroaniline herbicides were studied to asses their persistence, dissipation and residue management in sandy loam soil with and without addition of farmyard manure (FYM) under middle western Indian agro-climatic conditions. The herbicides, pendimethalin [N...

Greenhouse studies were conducted in 2008-2009 with the objective of adjusting dose-response curves of the main soil-applied herbicides currently used in cotton for the control of Amaranthus viridis, A. hybridus, A. spinosus, A. lividus, as well as comparing susceptibility among different species, using the identity test models. Thirty six individual experiments were simultaneously carried out ...

A primary concern with composting is the lack of knowledge about the fate of widely used pesticides. Also, there is increasing interest in the use of composting as a bioremediation method for soils contaminated with xenobiotics such as TNT, PCBs, chlorophenols and PAHs. We used a laboratory scale composting system to determine the extent of mineralization, incorporation into humic matter, and v...

Tiphia vernalis Rohwer is a hymenopteran ectoparasitoid of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, larvae. The adult wasps feed on nectar or honeydew between mid-April and late June. Adults may contact pesticides when landing on foliage or when females hunt for grubs in the soil. The lethal effect of nursery, turf, and landscape pesticides was determined by exposing wasps to treated foliage ...

Secondary exposure to pesticide residues on the external surfaces of sprayers does not currently form part of the risk assessment process. A measure of the ease with which residues may be transferred from the sprayer surface to the operator would enhance the accuracy of any such assessment. This study quantified the dislodgeability of six pesticides from sprayer surfaces in order to calculate t...

Pesticide runoff research relies heavily on rainfall simulation experiments. Most are conducted at a constant intensity, i.e., at a fixed rainfall rate; however, large differences in natural rainfall intensity is common. To assess implications we quantified runoff of two herbicides, fluometuron and pendimethalin, and applied preemergence after planting cotton on Tifton loamy sand. Rainfall at c...