The teach-learn-assess cycle in education is broken in a typical massive open online course (MOOC). Without formative assessment and feedback, MOOCs amount to information dump or broadcasting shows, not educational experiences. A number of remedies have been attempted to bring formative assessment back into MOOCs, each with its own limits and problems. The most widely applicable approach for al...

Background Distance-based continuing education opportunities are increasingly embraced by health professionals worldwide. Methods To evaluate the online component of a blended-learning degree program for pharmacists, we conducted a structured self-assessment and peer review using an instrument systematically devised according to Moore's principles of transactional distance. The web-based platfo...

This study used aptitude treatment interaction design to examine how feedback formats (specific vs. holistic) and executive thinking styles (high vs. low) affect web-based peer assessment. An Internet-based (anonymous) peer-assessment system was developed and used by 58 computer science students who submitted assignments for peer review. The results indicated that while students with high execu...

With the rapid development of massive open online courses, peer assessment has played an important role in promoting social learning. According to social learning theory, peer assessment in online courses provides students a chance to learn from each other when they review other students’ submissions, which motivates their participation in online social learning. However, existing peer assessme...

OBJECTIVE This instalment in the series on professional assessment summarises how peers are used in the evaluation process and whether their judgements are reliable and valid. METHOD The nature of the judgements peers can make, the aspects of competence they can assess and the factors limiting the quality of the results are described with reference to the literature. The steps in implementati...

BACKGROUND Peer marking is an important skill for students, helping them to understand the process of learning and assessment. This method is increasingly used in medical education, particularly in formative assessment. However, the use of peer marking in summative assessment is not widely adopted because many teachers are concerned about biased marking by students of their peers. OBJECTIVE T...

In recent years, universities and other academic institutions have been performing collaborative learning to improve the students' skills, competencies, outcomes. The problem-based approach is a method where students can work in groups develop these skills. However, when working groups, are not always being assessed accordingly their contributions development. Therefore, self peer assessment be...

In higher education settings, assessment tasks get the attention of students, but once students submit their work they typically become disengaged with the assessment process. Hence, opportunities for learning are lost as they become passive recipients of assessment outcomes. Future-learning oriented assessment engages students in the assessment process to improve both shortand long-term outcom...