BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Moyamoya syndrome is an uncommon chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease in children. The origin of moyamoya syndrome remains undetermined. The role of the prothrombotic disorders contributing to its pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of prothrombotic disorders in a pediatric population with moyamoya...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The prevalence and significance of remission and relapse in children, adolescents, and young adults with lupus nephritis in the United States are poorly understood. Patterns and predictors of disease progression in a southeastern U.S. pediatric cohort with severe lupus nephritis are presented. DESIGN, SETTINGS, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Individuals age 21 or less ...

BACKGROUND Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is characterized by venous and/or arterial thrombosis, and is found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Its diagnosis requires the presence of both clinical and laboratory findings, such as positive anti-cardiolipin and anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies and lupus anticoagulant. However, cardiolipin is a minor component of the vascular end...

We report two pediatric female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with decreased vision. Both patients were found to have retinal vasculitis and occlusive disease. The first patient also presented with vitreous hemorrhage and later non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy. She was treated with panretinal photocoagulation and steroid therapy and later in her disease co...

The COVID-19 pandemic has continued to wreak havoc globally during the second wave. Even though it tends be asymptomatic or cause only a trivial illness in children, is reported associated with delayed hyper-inflammatory response syndrome resulting multi-organ dysfunction children. It possible that through unknown mechanisms, could also result triggering of other auto-immune disorders. We repor...