BACKGROUND Severe preamputation pain is associated with phantom limb pain (PLP) development in limb amputees. We investigated whether optimized perioperative analgesia reduces PLP at 6-month follow-up. METHODS A total of 65 patients underwent lower-limb amputation and were assigned to five analgesic regimens: (1) Epi/Epi/Epi patients received perioperative epidural analgesia and epidural anes...

AIM To evaluate the expression of leptin and leptin receptor in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa), and to investigate whether they are associated with the development and progression of PCa. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the expression of leptin and leptin receptor in BPH and PCa. PCa was divided into three groups: localized PCa, loca...

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a popular tool for linear dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. Kernel PCA is the nonlinear form of PCA, which better exploits the complicated spatial structure of high-dimensional features. In this paper, we first review the basic ideas of PCA and kernel PCA. Then we focus on the reconstruction of pre-images for kernel PCA. We also give an intro...

Background: This study was investigated the effects of dexmedetomidine in combination with fentanyl-based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) on pain attenuation in patients undergoing open gastrectomy in comparison with conventional thoracic epidural patient-controlled analgesia (E-PCA) and IV-PCA. Methods: One hundred seventy-one patients who planned open gastrectomy were random...

Due to being so effective to mitigate the fading effect of wireless channels relay networks have received so much attention recently. Especially because relays are typically small, power limited and low cost and also can remove the problem of attenuation of signal due to propagation loss. Moreover increasing the number of relays improves the system performance and also using more power. The sys...

where the indices i, j and k denote the generations. The fields in Eq. 2 are superfields [1]. The 48 RPV couplings in Eq. 2 are constrained from theoretical and phenomenological points of view ([2], [3]). The DØ Collaboration searched for heavy sneutrino decaying into eμ in 1.0 fb of data [4]. The previous search for high-mass resonances decaying into eμ channel by the CDF Collaboration used 34...