OBJECTIVE To estimate the effect of "Seguro Popular" (SP) on the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure in the medium term. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used the 'Encuesta de Evaluación del SP' --SP Survey Evaluation-- (2005-2008). We analyzed the SP effect on the rural cohort during two years of follow-up (2006 and 2008) and in the urban coho...

Meghnad Desai of the London School of Economics recently suggested that, rather than ‘giving fifty billion dollars of overseas aid’, we should simply ‘find the poor and give them one dollar a week . . . That would probably do more to relieve poverty than anything else’. Two experiences in Mozambique of simply handing out money show this is possible. Payments to demobilized soldiers over a two y...

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. M-81 ISBN 92-5-103654-3 All rights ...

INTRODUCTION Migrants are a vulnerable population and could experience various challenges and barriers to accessing health insurance. Health insurance coverage protects migrants from financial loss related to illness and death. We assessed social health insurance (SHI) coverage and its financial protection effect among rural-to-urban internal migrants (IMs) in China. METHODS Data from the '20...

We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 74 community health workers in rural health houses to investigate overall job satisfaction and satisfaction with 8 aspects of the job (work itself, co-workers, management, workload, promotion, organizational structure, working conditions, and payment and benefits). Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire based on the Job Descriptive I...

Informal payments are a frequently overlooked source of local public finance in developing countries. We use microdata from ten countries to establish stylized facts on the magnitude, form, and distributional implications of this "informal taxation." Informal taxation is widespread, particularly in rural areas, with substantial in-kind labor payments. The wealthy pay more, but pay less in perce...

In the Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS), payments to hospitals for an admission are based on the national average cost per case for that diagnosis. The payments are adjusted for local labor costs, urban-rural location, treatment of a disproportionate share of Medicaid patients, amount of teaching, and outlier payments for unusually expensive or lengthy cases. Still, enormous variations...

The rural South is poorer and less well educated than the United States taken as a whole and in comparison to other rural American areas. Historically, efforts to overcome this problem have focused on economic development by attracting industries looking for cheap labor, land, and taxes. This has resulted in a rural South that relies on low-wage, high-labor industries to provide employmentindus...

Bumper crops have quickly turned the corn and soybean price boom into a bust. Newcrop corn and soybean futures contracts are down 40 percent and 35 percent respectively in just a few short months. Of course, those farmers that had the foresight to lock in at high prices are completely unaffected by the drop in price. For them, market volatility has created profit opportunities. But all is not l...

Developing countries have struggled with low electrification rates in the rural areas. This study investigates one major issue impeding the rural electrification programs in rural Kenya: high connection payments. The paper uses estimates obtained from a stated preference study, namely a contingent valuation method completed in 2007, to examine the willingness to pay to connect to grid-electrici...