We show that standard deviation σ satisfies the Leibniz inequality σ(fg) ≤ σ(f)‖g‖ + ‖f‖σ(g) for bounded functions f, g on a probability space, where the norm is the supremum norm. A related inequality that we refer to as “strong” is also shown to hold. We show that these in fact hold also for noncommutative probability spaces. We extend this to the case of matricial seminorms on a unital C*-al...

69 ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To report the incidence of anisocoria after unilateral excimer laser photorefractive kera-tectomy (PRK) for myopia and subsequent cortico-steroid therapy in a retrospective and prospective study and to explore possible etiologies. METHODS: The horizontal pupil diameter was determined in 6 patients (6 eyes) at 21.8 ± 12.6 months after unilateral wide-field excimer laser PRK ...

Previous research has confirmed that the distribution of bids for construction auctions can be reasonably modeled with Lognormal distribution. The location parameter this (the mean μ) been found to have a good linear correlation bidders’ cost estimates. However, scale (standard deviation bids, σ) remains noticeably difficult anticipate. By analyzing 13 auction datasets, hard evidence is provide...

We used mismatch negativity (MMN) to examine structural encoding of local and global auditory patterns in perceptual memory. Unlike previous MMN studies of local-global auditory perceptual organization that used interval-contour stimuli, here we presented hierarchical stimuli in which local pattern organization formed global patterns. Importantly, our stimuli allowed independent manipulation of...

This study implemented linear and nonlinear methods of measuring variability to determine differences in stability of two groups of skilled (n = 10) and unskilled (n = 10) participants performing 3m forward/backward shuttle agility drill. We also determined whether stability measures differed between the forward and backward segments of the drill. Finally, we sought to investigate whether local...