INTRODUCTION How do birds, like flamingos (Phoenicopteridae), sleep while standing on one leg? It is suggested that this behavior reduces heat energy lost through the legs [1]. Yet, the muscular energy required to actively support the body in this pose would likely offset any thermal benefits. In particular, flamingo femurs are oriented horizontally (Figure 1), which places the knee and hip joi...

Reducing skin friction is important in nature and in many technological applications. This reduction may be achieved by reducing stresses in turbulent boundary layers, for instance tailoring biomimetic rough skins. Here we take a second approach consisting of keeping the boundary layer laminar as long as possible by forcing small optimal perturbations. Because of the highly non-normal nature of...

1— The non-fragmentable nature of Ethernet data frames, as well as operation of the priority oriented packet schedulers in the Optical Network Units (ONUs) along with heavy network load conditions and the lack of detailed knowledge about the queues composition at the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) level, result in the creation of upstream channel slot remainders. Non-preemptive packet schedulers a...

Abstract Overconstrained mechanism has the advantages of large bearing capacity and high motion reliability, but its force analysis is complex difficult because system contains overconstraints. Considering limb axial deformation, taking typical 2SS+P 7-SS passive overconstrained mechanisms, 2SPS+P 7-SPS active passive-input mechanisms as examples, a new method based on idea equivalent stiffness...

Fluid modelling is a next-generation technique for analysing massive performance models. Passive cooperation is a popular cooperation mechanism frequently used by performance engineers. Therefore having an accurate translation of passive cooperation into a fluid model is of direct practical application. We compare different existing styles of fluid model translation of passive cooperation in a ...

most of the researches do not differentiate between intuitive critic and passive one – in the field of features, applications and methods. this critical school is called emotional or passive critics which emphasizes aesthetics. thus sensitivity is not the only appliance to wisdom but is a mean to inspire happiness or unhappiness feeling. consequently the passive (critical) school is the result ...

objective(s)previous studies have shown that vitamin b as well as folate supplementation has been implicated in cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders including alzheimer’s and parkinson's diseases. the aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of folic acid on passive avoidance task and motor coordination in healthy adult male rats.materials and methodsanimals were randomly divi...