Our planet's ecosystems depend on the energy received from sun to form a bubble of life. Technically, other sources are converted solar energy. An effective way directly convert electricity is through photovoltaic devices. They could be manufactured small scales and used in pocket calculations up large power plants. These stations, known as farm, composed grid-connected arrays. The conventional...

If a current pulse with a magnitude several times higher than the steady state optimum current is applied to a thermoelectric cooler, an instantaneously lower temperature than that reachable at the steady state can be obtained. Most previous studies of this transient cooling effect focus on the minimum temperature achievable for free standing thermoelectric (TE) elements. In this work, we syste...

This article is focused on the research of passive cooling beams and increasing their capacity. A beam with four tubes was chosen as a model. mathematical model built using corresponding criterion equations to capture behavior beam. can be used optimize geometrical parameters (the distance between ribs, rib height thickness, diameter number tubes), by changing these geometric we increase perfor...