Birds express two β-parvalbumin isoforms, parvalbumin 3 and avian thymic hormone (ATH). Parvalbumin 3 from chicken (CPV3) is identical to rat β-parvalbumin (β-PV) at 75 of 108 residues. CPV3 displays intermediate Ca(2+) affinity--higher than that of rat β-parvalbumin, but lower than that of ATH. As in rat β-PV, the attenuation of affinity is associated primarily with the CD site (residues 41-70...

In the hippocampal CA1 area, a relatively homogenous population of pyramidal cells is accompanied by a diversity of GABAergic interneurons. Previously, we found that parvalbumin-expressing basket, axo-axonic, bistratified, and oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells, innervating different domains of pyramidal cells, have distinct firing patterns during network oscillations in vivo. A second family of...

GABAergic interneurons can pace the activity of principal cells and are thus critically involved in the generation of oscillatory and synchronous network activity. The specific role of various GABAergic subpopulations, however, has remained elusive. This is in part attributable to the scarcity of certain GABAergic neurons and the difficulty of identifying them in slices obtained from brain regi...

Abstract Although the consequences of crowded cell environments may affect protein folding, function and misfolding reactions, these processes are often studied in dilute solutions vitro. We here used biophysical experiments to investigate amyloid fibril formation process fish apo-β-parvalbumin solvent conditions that mimic steric solvation aspects vivo milieu. Apo-β-parvalbumin is a folded rea...

Psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia are often associated with alterations of neural oscillations in gamma (30-80 Hz) range. Deficits in gamma activity correlate with the reduced expression of parvalbumin in fast-spiking interneurons. Parvalbumin might modify the release of GABA from the synaptic boutons of interneurons by an unknown mechanism. The present study had two objectives: 1) to...

UNLABELLED Compelling evidence suggests that pathological activity of the external globus pallidus (GPe), a nucleus in the basal ganglia, contributes to the motor symptoms of a variety of movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Recent studies have challenged the idea that the GPe comprises a single, homogenous population of neurons that serves as a simple relay in the indirect pathway. ...

Replay of neuronal activity during hippocampal sharp wave-ripples (SWRs) is essential in memory formation. To understand the mechanisms underlying the initiation of irregularly occurring SWRs and the generation of periodic ripples, we selectively manipulated different components of the CA3 network in mouse hippocampal slices. We recorded EPSCs and IPSCs to examine the buildup of neuronal activi...