Using hierarchical structurings in process design is a frequent process modeling technique. Subprocesses are a common way to enable hierarchical structuring. Current approaches have a tight view on the syntactical restrictions of subprocesses and do not investigate different autonomy properties in detail. This paper fills this gap and broadens the current subprocess definition to a spectrum of ...

The mechanical properties and structure of cactus Opuntia ficus-indica spines were characterised in bending and by means of x-ray diffraction. Using spruce wood cell walls for reference, the modulus of elasticity of Opuntia cactus spines was high in absolute terms, but comparable when specific values were considered, which can be explained by similarities in the cell wall structure of both mate...

todays, the parent company has a great role in managing and monitoring subsidiaries and companies in promoting their industrial activities. but, the main problem for pharmaceutical parent companies is the lack of clarity and confusion of responsibilities between units. successful parenting needs to create the element of 'fit' between the ways parent operates – parent characteristics –...

Parent training (PT) is well established for reducing child externalizing problems; however, lower rates of engagement in PT among ethnic minority/immigrant families have been found. We assessed PT acceptability among Chinese immigrant parents and explored clinical and cultural factors that may be associated with acceptability. Participants were a community sample of 145 Chinese immigrant paren...

This study examined changes in parent functioning resulting from parental participation in a behavioral parent training (PT) program specifically designed for school-aged children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Relative to wait list controls, subjects who completed the nine-session PT program showed significant posttreatment gains in both child and parent functioning, whi...

The present meta-analytic review examined effectiveness of the Incredible Years parent training (IYPT) regarding disruptive and prosocial child behavior, and aimed to explain variability in intervention outcomes. Fifty studies, in which an intervention group receiving the IYPT was compared to a comparison group immediately after intervention, were included in the analyses. Results showed that t...

Objective: The parent-child relationship and the daily blood sugar control by adolescents can affect family functioning. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of unified trans-diagnostic treatment protocols on parent-child interaction and blood sugar levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest and posttest ...

abstract background: parent–infant attachment is an important factor in accepting parenting role, accelerating infant survival, and adjusting to the environment outside the uterus. since family supportive interventions can strengthen the parent–infant caring relationship, this study sought to investigate the relationship between mother–infant attachment and satisfaction of the mothers with the ...

reality therapy is a particular approach in adolescent development and independence that repeatedly emphasized on the disagreeable relationships and self-control to encourage personal growth. unfortunately, we could not find any study in the context of effectiveness of training reality therapy concepts on parent-child conflicts and self-efficacy. therefore, this study were done with the purpose...