UNLABELLED Music has pain-relieving effects, but its mechanisms remain unclear. We sought to verify previously studied analgesic components and further elucidate the underpinnings of music analgesia. Using a well-characterized conditioning-enhanced placebo model, we examined whether boosting expectations would enhance or interfere with analgesia from strongly preferred music. A two-session expe...

UNLABELLED Treating pain is one of the most difficult challenges in medicine and a key facet of disease management. The isolation of morphine by Friedrich Sertürner in 1804 added an essential pharmacological tool in the treatment of pain and spawned the discovery of a new class of drugs known collectively as opioid analgesics. Revered for their potent pain-relieving effects, even Morpheus the g...

Carbazepine, Tegretol (5-carbamyl-dibenz (b,f)azepin), originally known as G.32883 and introduced in 1959 as an anticonvulsant, was first shown to have some effect in relieving the pain oftrigeminal neuralgia by Blom (1962, 1963). Since then Spillane (1963, 1964), McArdle (1963), and Taylor (1963) have confirmed that this drug has a specific effect in relieving the pain of trigeminal neuralgia ...