P24, P30, and P39, the three major surface antigens of the envelope of hepatitis B virus, are co-carboxy-terminal proteins with different amino-terminal extensions. We prompted expression of these proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by placing the appropriate coding sequence(s) under the control of the simian virus 40 early promoter. P24 and P30 formed 22-nm particles which were effic...

Development of transgenic edible plants, to be used as production, storage and delivery systems for recombinant vaccine antigens, is a promising strategy to obtain cost effective vaccines against infectious diseases, not least for use in developing countries. Therefore, we used Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer to introduce the p24 gag gene encoding the nucleocapsid protein from ...

A plethora of different electronic and optoelectronic devices have been developed lately, for biosensing applications (e.g., label-free, fast, easier to operate) based on a detecting interface accommodating the biorecognition elements, anchored by thiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) gold surface. Here, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) characterization anti-p24 SAMs is performed investigate...

Cytokines may have clinical utility as therapeutic agents for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and as an adjuvant for vaccines. The effect of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-15 on in vitro HIV-1 replication was investigated. IL-12 and IL-15 at doses up to 10 ng/ml had little effect on basal HIV-1 p24 antigen production by chronically HIV-infected T (ACH-2) and monocytic (U1) ...

A competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay has been developed to quantitate the Mr 24,000 estrogen-regulated protein (p24) in human breast tumors and tumor cell lines. The concentration of monoclonal antibody used to coat polystyrene microtiter assay plates was critical in optimizing assay sensitivity versus precision and demonstrated marked differences between plate types. Analysis of 114 human b...

Only "fair" agreement has been shown between the Abbott and DuPont enzyme linked immunosorbent assays when used for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen in serum samples from asymptomatic HIV antibody positive homosexual men. To investigate the discrepancies between the two ELISA results, further experiments were performed. The rabbit detector antibody solutions ofboth te...

BACKGROUND The p24 family is thought to be somehow involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi protein transport. A subset of the p24 proteins (p24alpha(3), -beta(1), -gamma(3) and -delta(2)) is upregulated when Xenopus laevis intermediate pituitary melanotrope cells are physiologically activated to produce vast amounts of their major secretory cargo, the prohormone proopiomelanocortin (POM...

Correspondence Failures in the Detection of HIV p24 Antigen With the Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo Rapid Test TO THE EDITOR—We read with interest the report by Rosenberg et al [1], showing that the Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo rapid test (Combo RT), in a field evaluation using whole blood collected from at-risk persons, performed poorly in the detection of acute human immunodeficiency virus (H...

Assays that detect p24 antigen reduce the diagnostic window period of HIV testing. Most point-of-care HIV assays have poor sensitivity to diagnose acute HIV infection as they only detect antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2 (HIV-1/2). This was a cross-sectional laboratory-based study that evaluated the performance of the Determine™ HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo fourth generation rapid strip - currently the...