Native birds may have been underestimated as pollinators of the New Zealand flora due to their early decline in abundance and diversity on the mainland. This paper reconsiders the relative importance of birds and insects as pollinators to eight native flowering plants, representing a range of pollination syndromes, on two offshore island refuges. Experimental manipulations were made on five of ...

The impact of copepod grazing on Fe regeneration was investigated in a naturally iron fertilised area during KEOPS (Kerguelen Ocean and Plateau compared Study, Jan.-Feb. 2005). 55 Fe labelled natural plankton assemblages (< 200 μm) were offered as food to copepod predators sampled in the field (Calanus propinquus, Rhincalanus gigas, Metridia lucens and Oithona frigida). Diatoms (Eucampia antarc...

In tropical moist forests, seasonal drought limits plant survival, productivity and diversity. Drought-tolerance mechanisms of tropical species should reflect the maximum seasonal water deficits experienced in a particular habitat. We investigated stem xylem vulnerability to cavitation in nine tropical species with different life histories and habitat associations. Stem xylem vulnerability was ...

The type material of the Oriental Carpelimus species from five museums have been investigated. Thirty four lectotypes are designated for the following species: Trogophloeus bengalensis Cameron, 1930; T. bicolor Cameron, 1940; T. calcuttanus Bemhauer, 1911; T. chatterjeei Cameron, 1930; T. congruus Cameron, 1930;T. coriaceus Cameron, 1930; T. flavipennis Cameron, 1930; T. formosae Cameron, 1940;...

In the group Euphausiacea, females either retain mature eggs in a brood pouch until they hatch, or release the eggs directly into the water column. All the species currently being commercially harvested, however, are broadcast spawners (Nicol & Endo, 1997). The focus of our discussion of the reproduction patterns and strategies of euphausiids is on those species that are of commercial interest,...

Eighty-six important findings of 54 species vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and fungi acquired lately from the Murmansk Region are reported. The were defined as if they red-listed in Russia and/or Region, new for protected areas, represented other particularly rare known not more than five locations well northernmost localities Europe or globally. Three fungal (Phaeolus schweinitzii, Phell...

In this study, the relationship among four species of Polygonum (including P. hyrcanicum (three samples), P. persicaria, P. avicular, and P. hydropiper) was investigated by GC profiling. Furthermore, the major compounds of the ethylic ether extract of P. hyrcanicum were identified by GC/MS as: α-bisabolol (17.5%), cedrol (15.9%), sesquisabinene hydra...

Long-term data sets are essential to understand climate-induced variability in marine ecosystems. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of longer-term temporal and spatial variations in zooplankton abundance and copepod community structure in the northern Benguela upwelling system from 2005 to 2011. Samples were collected from the upper 200 m along a transect at 20 °S perpendicul...