The Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome is characterized by perinatal muscular hypotonia, short stature, mental retardation, hypogonadism (cryptorchidism in males), and severe, progressive obesity. Another feature of this syndrome is the development of glucose intolerance, followed by overt juvenile diabetes mellitus of the maturity onset type (Illig, Ischymi, and Vischer, 1974). Esotropia and amblyo...

Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, prediabetes, and overt type 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with an accelerated atherosclerosis (atheroscleropathy). This quartet is also associated with multiple metabolic toxicities resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species. The redox stress associated with these reactive oxygen species contribute to the development, progression, and the...

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus, defined as diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes, is becoming more common as the epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes continues. Newly proposed diagnostic criteria will, if adopted universally, further increase the prevalence of this condition. Much controversy surrounds the diagnosis and management of gestational dia...

OBJECTIVE In Spanish women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we aimed to study the progression to diabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) and identify predictive factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 696 women with GDM and 70 control women, glucose tolerance was evaluated postpartum and at 5-year intervals. RESULTS In the GDM group, the cumulative risk for diabetes and AGT w...

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of the insulin-secreting beta cells found in the islets of Langerhans. Reduced beta-cell mass results in overt diabetes, requiring lifelong exogenous insulin administration and the possibility of numerous sequelae. Incidence and development of IDDM depend upon a variety of genetic and nongenetic...

OBJECTIVE Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, one of a class of novel antiglycemic agents that are gaining in popularity in the treatment of diabetes. METHODS We describe a case in which a patient experienced difficult-to-treat metabolic ketoacidosis in the setting of canagliflozin use. RESULTS A 52-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus developed prof...

Approximately 50% of Wistar "BB" rats spontaneously develop overt diabetes mellitus characterized by loss of beta-cells and "insulitis." To define abnormalities of immunoregulation in these rats, we quantitated their major circulating lymphocyte subsets. Independent of the development of diabetes, we found the BB rats to have a markedly increased percentage of circulating B lymphocytes which is...

Dysfunction and loss of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells represent hallmarks of diabetes mellitus. Here, we show that mice lacking the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38delta display improved glucose tolerance due to enhanced insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Deletion of p38delta results in pronounced activation of protein kinase D (PKD), the latter of which we have ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare the incidence of histopathological placental lesions in mild gestational hyperglycemia, gestational diabetes and overt diabetes at term and preterm gestation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS One-hundred-and-thirty-one placental samples were collected from Diabetes mellitus (DM) positive screened patients. Two diagnostic tests, glycemic profile and 100 g oral g...

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