background: to assess the therapeutic effects of oral zinc supplementation on acute watery diarrhea of children with moderate dehydration. methods: all 9-month to 5-year-old children who were admitted with acute watery diarrhea and moderate dehydration to the children ward of motahari hospital, urmia, iran in 2008 were recruited. after the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, th...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a complex polygenic disease in which gene-environment interactions are important. a number of studies have investigated the association between tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) -308 g/a polymorphism (substitution g→a, designated as tnf1 and tnf2) and ms susceptibility in different populations, but the results of individual studies have been inconsistent. therefore, per...

BACKGROUND Reduction of gross diarrhea rate in excess of that seen over time with intravenous therapy and appropriate antibiotics is not usually achieved by oral glucose-electrolyte rehydration therapy for cholera and cholera-like diarrheas. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS This prospective randomized clinical trial at a tertiary referral hospital in southern India was undertaken to determi...

This is a case note on R v Thacker [2021] EWCA Crim 97 considering whether the trial judge had erred in convicting 15 activists who breached an airport perimeter fence of intentionally disrupting services, contrary to Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990 s.1(2)(b). Issues discussed concern statutory interpretation, jury directions meaning intent.

A randomised three cell study was carried out in 78 children with acute diarrhoea to evaluate the relative efficacy of oral rehydration solution (ORS) made from partially hydrolysed wheat grain, cooked rice powder, or glucose. Twenty six patients with comparable age, body weight, duration of diarrhoea, and degree of dehydration were studied in each of the three groups. Initial rehydration was c...

We study elective surgery planning in flexible operating rooms (ORs) where emergency patients are accommodated the existing schedule. Specifically, surgeries can be scheduled weeks or months advance. In contrast, an arrives randomly and must performed on day of arrival. Probability distributions actual durations unknown, only a possibly small set historical realizations may available. To addres...

INTRODUCTION Diarrhea contributed for 17.6% of under-five deaths in Botswana. Oral rehydration salt (ORS) therapy has been the cornerstone in the control of morbidity and mortality secondary to diarrheal diseases. The study was aimed at assessing the household availability of ORS following the nationwide campaign of availing ORS at household level. METHODS A cross sectional community based st...

Odds ratios (ORs) are widely used in scientific research to demonstrate the associations between outcome variables and covariates (risk factors) of interest, and are often described in language suitable for risks or probabilities, but odds and probabilities are related, not equivalent. In situations where the outcome is not rare (e.g., obesity), ORs no longer approximate the relative risk ratio...

Background: The link between food insecurity and weight disorders of children or adolescents remains controversial. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between food insecurity and weight disorders of children and adolescents in Iran. Methods: PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, and SID databases were searched up to August...