ABSTRACf. Secondary sexual ornaments as signals:77te handicap approach and three potential problems.Secondary sexual ornaments have recently been discussed in the context of biological signals, and the handicap principle has been suggested as a model explaining their evolution. The handicap principle predicts that at equilibrium, sexual ornaments will be honest signals of the male's quality. Th...

Synopsis A fundamental hypothesis for the evolution and maintenance of ornamental traits is that ornaments convey information to choosing females about the quality of prospective mates. A diverse array of ornaments (e.g., colors, morphological features, and behaviors) has been associated with a wide range of measures of individual quality, but decades of study of such indicator traits have fail...

Sexual ornaments often consist of several components produced by distinct developmental processes. The complexity of sexual ornaments might be favoured by mate choice of individual components in different environments which ultimately results in weak interrelationships (integration) among the developmental processes that produce these components. At the same time, sexual selection for greater e...

Dependently typed programming advocates the use of various indexed versions of the same shape of data, but the formal relationship among these structurally similar datatypes usually needs to be established manually and tediously. Ornaments have been proposed as a formal mechanism to manage the relationships between such datatype variants. In this paper, we conduct a case study under an ornament...

Current explanations for why sexual ornaments are found in both sexes include genetic correlation, same sex competition, and mutual mate choice. In this study, we report developmental plasticity in mating behavior as induced by temperature during development in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana. Males and females reciprocally change their sexual roles depending on their larval rearing temperatures...

Male secondary sexual characters (conspicuous ornaments, signals, colors) are among nature's most striking features. Yet, it is unclear why certain groups of organisms are more likely than others to evolve these traits. One explanation for such taxonomic biases is that some genetic systems may be especially conducive to sexual selection. Here, we present theory and simulation results demonstrat...

The girdle epidermis of adult Mopalia muscosa secretes several types of structures, including calcareous spicules and innervated hairs. Newly metamorphosed chitons superficially resemble adult animals, but they lack the adult girdle ornaments, shell sculpture, and coloration. The morphogenesis of the adult girdle structures has not been described previously for any species. Juvenile Mopalia mus...

Dependently typed programming uses precise variants of data structures to ensure program correctness in an economical way, but designing reusable libraries for all possible variants of data structures is a difficult problem. The authors addressed the problem by extending McBride’s ornaments to a framework of ornaments and refinements to support a modular structure for dependently typed librarie...