Chronic and acute exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides may lead to persistent neurological and neurobehavioral effects, which cannot be explained by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition alone. It is suggested that other brain proteins are involved. Effects of commonly used organophosphate pesticides on rat neuronal alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) expressed in Xen...

A reagentless bioactive paper-based solid-phase biosensor was developed for detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, including organophosphate pesticides. The assay strip is composed of a paper support (1 x 10 cm), onto which AChE and a chromogenic substrate, indophenyl acetate (IPA), were entrapped using biocompatible sol-gel derived silica inks in two different zones (e.g., sensin...

Pesticides can increase productivity in agriculture. Excessive and uncontrolled use of pesticides pose a risk poisoning farmers. Decreased levels cholinesterase enzymes characterize poisoning. The duration spraying is an indicator that affect the enzyme. This study aimed to determine how long affects enzyme farmers who organophosphate pesticides. Examination using enzymatic test method. most co...

We report a rapid and versatile organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH)-based method for measurement of organophosphates. This assay is based on a substrate-dependent change in pH at the local vicinity of the enzyme. The pH change is monitored using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), which is covalently immobilized to the enzyme. This method employs the use of poly(methyl methacrylate) beads to which ...

With regard to detection of exposure to anticholinesterase, the presently used methods have the disadvantage that they cannot detect either low-level exposures with certainty or the structure of the agent and the extent of poisoning. In principle, organophosphate-inhibited butyrylcholinesterase in human plasma is the most persistent and abundant source for biomonitoring of exposure to organopho...

Although pesticide use is widespread, little is known about potential adverse health effects of in utero exposure. We investigated the effects of organophosphate pesticide exposure during pregnancy on fetal growth and gestational duration in a cohort of low-income, Latina women living in an agricultural community in the Salinas Valley, California. We measured nonspecific metabolites of organoph...

Pesticides are an important hazard in agriculture. In developed countries their use is strictly regulated. Risk assessment for new pesticides includes comparison of the potential exposures of spray operators and other farm workers with a reference value. Usually, this is derived from toxicological studies in animals with allowance for the uncertainties in extrapolating between and within specie...

Farm labor is one of the main livelihoods in Indonesia. Farmers' activities on agricultural land are never separated from use pesticides, although basically pesticides not only harmful to plant pests but also pose a potential hazard farm workers as pesticide users. Various types circulating and used Indonesia include type organophosphate. Jam because its affordable price, organophosphates have ...