Several studies suggest that sex may affect cystic fibrosis (CF) disease severity, with females with CF being more severely affected. In this context, it has been suggested that sex hormones may influence the CF phenotype. A large proportion of females with CF regularly use oral contraceptives (OCs), but the effect of their use on disease severity is unclear. Here, we retrospectively assessed t...

OBJECTIVE To perform a meta-analysis of case-control studies that addressed whether prior oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with premenopausal breast cancer. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE and PubMed databases and bibliography reviews to identify case-control studies of OCs and premenopausal breast cancer published in or after 1980. Search terms used included breast neoplasms, oral c...

BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Etiology of the disease is not well understood; however, it is more common in women than in men and occurs mainly during reproductive age. The aim of this study was to evaluate some risk factors in women of childbearing age with MS in Isfahan Province. METHODS This analytic case-control study was conduc...

According to the Mayo Clinic, research [2] on the link between oral contraceptives (OCs) and breast cancer shows mixed results. Recent studies indicate that newer low-dose forms of OCs do not increase the risk of breast cancer. However the true story may be more nuanced ? some studies show OC use increases the risk of breast cancer among women with the abnormal BRCA1 gene, but not among women w...

According to the Mayo Clinic, research [2] on the link between oral contraceptives (OCs) and breast cancer shows mixed results. Recent studies indicate that newer low-dose forms of OCs do not increase the risk of breast cancer. However the true story may be more nuanced ? some studies show OC use increases the risk of breast cancer among women with the abnormal BRCA1 gene, but not among women w...

BACKGROUND Menstrual cycle function may continue to be altered after discontinuation of oral contraceptives (OC). Few studies have been published on the effects of recent OC use on menstrual cycle parameters; none have examined characteristics of the menstrual flow or the quality of cervical mucus. The purpose of this retrospective matched cohort study is to assess biomarkers of the menstrual c...

According to the Mayo Clinic, research [2] on the link between oral contraceptives (OCs) and breast cancer shows mixed results. Recent studies indicate that newer low-dose forms of OCs do not increase the risk of breast cancer. However the true story may be more nuanced ? some studies show OC use increases the risk of breast cancer among women with the abnormal BRCA1 gene, but not among women w...

According to the Mayo Clinic, research [2] on the link between oral contraceptives (OCs) and breast cancer shows mixed results. Recent studies indicate that newer low-dose forms of OCs do not increase the risk of breast cancer. However the true story may be more nuanced ? some studies show OC use increases the risk of breast cancer among women with the abnormal BRCA1 gene, but not among women w...

The occurrence of bi-directional drug interactions between antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and combined oral contraceptives (OCs) pose potential risks of un-intended pregnancy and as well as seizure deterioration. It is well established that several of the older AEDs (carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital), are strong inducers of the hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 enzyme system, and are asso...

Oral contraceptives (OC) are, or perhaps more correctly, were, until recently, being taken by approximately 6.5 million women worldwide, which corresponds to approximately 6% of all women of reproductive age. OCs have been available since the early 1960s and there is substantial evidence to suggest that no single medication has had such a profound impact on our reproduction and social life as t...