introduction: open-apex teeth with irreversible pulpitis require complex and difficult treatment. providing the right environment for apexogenesis and pulp protection is vital for their long term prognosis. the young pulp of open apex tooth, however, is better equipped against irritation and assault. the aim of this study was to evaluate pulp inflammation in open apex canine teeth of cats. mate...

introduction: the ideal endodontic treatment for the teeth with in complete root-ends and necrotic pulps may involve the use of material which forms an immediate apical barrier instead of long term calcium hydroxide therapy. such procedure may lead us to a single appointment endodontic treatment. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic success rate in necrotic...

abstract background: this study sought to determine patient characteristics, process of care, and outcome as predictors of reintubation after open-heart surgery. methods: we performed a retrospective case control study that included all patients undergoing cardiac surgery who required reintubation and an equal number of control patients not requiring reintubation. putative risk factors were ana...

purpose: the objective of this study was to identify possible risk factors associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (poag). methods: a case-control study included patients seen at rasoul-akram hospital ophthalmology clinic. cases were consecutive patients with confirmed unilateral or bilateral poag presented during the study period. controls were a random sample of all other patients aged 30...

conclusions although external fixation in open pediatric fractures and severe injuries is recommended, intramedullary nailing is also an effective method with low complications. combining pins and flexible intramedullary nails is effective in developing more stability and is not associated with more complications. background tibial fractures are the third most common pediatric long-bone fractur...

in a graph g = (v,e), a subset s  v is said to be an open packing set if no two vertices of s have a common neighbour in g. the maximum cardinality of an open packing set is called the open packing number and is denoted by rho^o. this paper further studies on this parameter by obtaining some new bounds.

conclusions recurrence after repair of tdh is a less reported condition (with only two published articles) and little is known regarding the factors responsible for this. laparoscopy is an excellent diagnostic tool, but currently management is probably best performed via an open technique using heavy non-absorbable suture material to prevent recurrence. long term follow up of these patients sho...

in this paper, we introduce fuzzy banach algebra and study the properties of invertible elements and its relation with opensets. we obtain some interesting results.