We propose a new cryptographic primitive, called extractable perfectly one-way (EPOW) functions. Like perfectly one-way (POW) functions, EPOW functions are probabilistic functions that reveal no information about their input, other than the ability to verify guesses. In addition, an EPOW function, f , guarantees that any party that manages to compute a value in the range of f “knows” a correspo...

Complete constructions play an important role in theoretical computer science. However, in cryptography complete constructions have so far been either absent or purely theoretical. In 2003, L.A. Levin presented the idea of a combinatorial complete one-way function. In this paper, we present two new one-way functions based on semi-Thue string rewriting systems and a version of the Post correspon...

where :Yl denotes the orthogonal complement of Y (see [I]). Another example of this type of duality appears in one of the classical moment problems. Letfbe Bore1 measurable and bounded on [a,b], h,, . . ., h, a CebySev system on [a,b] and for a given positive Bore1 measure yO defined on [a,b] denote by C (y,,) the class of all positive Bore1 measures y which satisfy f.bhkdy=[hkdyo k= 1,2 ,..., ...

Let f and g be two nonconstant meromorphic functions defined in the open complex plane C. If for some a ∈ C∪ {∞}, f − a and g − a have the same set of zeros with the same multiplicities, we say that f and g share the value a CM (counting multiplicities), and if we do not consider the multiplicities, then f and g are said to share the value a IM (ignoring multiplicities). We denote by T(r) the m...

purification quality of CLP is important, especially for analyses of T-cell development. The original phenotypic CLP has recently been refined by addition of positivity for Flk25 and now a smaller population of cells including CD27 are shown to contain the T-cell potential. A specific criticism of the CLP as the thymus-seeding cell has been the lack of evidence that CLP can be detected in thymu...