Olfactory dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia are becoming the aim of an increased number of studies. Smell identification deficits are well known but also other olfactory processes are examined, eg. sensitivity, discrimination, familiarity and edibility. Smell identification deficits are present in patients with schizophrenia and also in their non-psychotic siblings. Moreover, this dys...

Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) is a fatal neurovisceral lysosomal lipid storage disorder. The mutation of the NPC1 protein affects the homeostasis and transport of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids from late endosomes/lysosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum resulting in progressive neurodegeneration. Since olfactory impairment is one of the earliest symptoms in many neurodegenerative disor...

BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that olfaction is largely preserved in multiple system atrophy while most patients with Parkinson's disease are hyposmic. Consistent with these observations, recent experimental studies demonstrated olfactory deficits in transgenic Parkinson's disease mouse models, but corresponding data are lacking for MSA models. METHODS Olfactory function and underly...

Sensory perception is one of the most fundamental brain functions allowing individuals to properly interact and adapt a constantly changing environment. This process requires integration bottom-up top-down neuronal activity that centrally mediated by basal forebrain, region has been linked series cognitive processes such as attention alertness.
 Here, we review latest research using optoge...

Many combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have an olfactory component to their traumatic memories that might be utilized by a technique called hypnotherapeutic olfactory conditioning (HOC). Thirty-six outpatients with chronic PTSD, featuring resistant olfactory-induced flashbacks, were treated with six 1.5-hour sessions using hypnosis. The authors used the revised Impact of...

the sense of olfaction reached its zenith in development much earlier than other special senses. olfaction is much more acute than the other senses, exhibits both high sensitivity for odours and high discrimination between them. this plays a very important role even in the social and behavioral aspects of human beings. recent studies using molecular genetics, electrophysiology and behavioral an...

BACKGROUND Disturbances of smell and taste are common. About 5% of the general population have anosmia (absence of the sense of smell). Olfactory dysfunction can markedly impair the quality of life. METHODS Review of pertinent literature retrieved by a selective search. RESULTS In recent years, simple and reliable tests of the sense of smell have been introduced in otorhinolaryngology. Olfa...