as a result of higher crude oil prices, in one hand, it is expected that alternative energy resources consumption is increased and consumers change their behavior to decline energy intensity too. on the other hand, more alternative energy consumption can leads to a decline of crude oil aggregate demand. therefore, existence of mutual causality between crude oil price and alternative energy cons...

oil seeds and crude vegetable oil are the raw materials used in vegetable oil producing industry. vegetable oil producing plants in iran are dependent on importing the material in a way that more than 90 percent of these materials are to be imported. soybean oil seed is the main oil seed utilized in the oil producing plants which is procured through importation from other countries. in the worl...

Iran is one of the oil exporting countries, so the oil price plays a remarkable role in the government budget and is a major source of foreign exchange. On the other hand, the reliance of the government budget to oil income as well as its fluctuations is a fact referred to as the most important cause of inflation by many researchers. This paper explores the effect of shocks in the exchange rate...

The paper presents a theory of nominal asset prices for competitively owned oil. Focusing on monetary e¤ects, with ‡exible oil prices the US dollar oil price should follow the aggregate US price level. But with rigid nominal oil prices, the nominal oil price jumps proportionally to nominal interest rate increases. We …nd evidence for structural breaks in the nominal oil price that are used to i...

This study examines asymmetric and the lag effects of oil price, gas exchange rate on stock performance Malaysian sub-industries. Using company-level data multi factor asset pricing models, this found that rate, common systematic risk factors such as market, size, book-to-market have significant sub-industries, but these exposures remain heterogeneous. Oil price show strong asymmetrical impacts...

â â â  â â â  abstract â  using a structural var with block exogeneity, diagonality and identifying restrictions, this paper analyzes: first, the macroeconomic linkages among the oil price, u.s. output, interest rate, money supply, general price level and exchange rate and second, the relationships of the macroeconomic variables with the price indices of ten international nonfuel commodity grou...

[naeini1] one of the biggest organizational challenges in deployment of strategies is the time lag between the cause-and-effect relations according to a lag between indicators of strategic objectives. with adding the time factor, the strategic objectives at different times have a causal relationship with each other. the causal relationships between strategic objectives are essential. in this pa...

This paper explores how oil price shocks a ect scal policy and macroeconomic performance in an oil exporting small open economy. In this type of economy, oil price shocks in uence scal policy because they have nontrivial e ects on the government's budget constraint. On one hand, oil price shocks a ect revenue directly as oil revenue constitutes a large share of total revenue. On the other hand,...

There are several researches that deal with the behavior of SEs and their relationships with different economical factors. These range from papers dealing with this subject through econometrical procedures to statistical methods known as copula. This article considers the impact of oil and gold price on Tehran Stock Exchange market (TSE). Oil and gold are two factors that are essential for the ...