Abstract Following the theory of a farm household model, relations between and farmer characteristics, including two different kinds direct payments, their effects on off-farm labour allocation decisions operators were analysed. Swiss accountancy data network (FADN) years 2017, 2018, 2019 for whole sample income groups used to model both participation supply decisions. The results show that div...

This paper has examined three features of the rural economy in the context of transition of Indian economy: (a) shift in rural employment pattern, (b) trends in rural wages and agricultural growth, and (c) relationships between agricultural wages, productivity and rural non-farm employment (RNFE) in India. The change over of farm employment to non-farm employment has been found higher for male ...

With ensuring food security becoming a priority for the Chinese government, prevalence of off-farm employment (OE) may cast shadow on agricultural productivity. Based data China Family Panel Studies in 2018, Tobit model and threshold effect have been applied to investigate impact productivity efficiency (APE), measured by envelopment analysis (DEA). The result has shown that: (1) OE contributes...

A study linking the two economic and social phenomena of rural labor force migration energy transition can help analyze underlying causes “Energy Poverty”. However, how off-farm employment affects household low-carbon consumption its potential mechanisms requires further research. Using 1351 sampled households from “Rural Energy, Population Transfer Well-being” survey in 2018 2021 to explore re...

On 26 July, 1994, the local agricultural employment office notified the Wellington-Dufferin-Guelph Health Unit that a member of a work crew had suffered diarrheal illness following employment at a turkey farm on 18 July. The employment office also reported that two members from the same crew had been unable to work because of illness. Given this information, the Health Unit requested a list of ...

The practical implementation of the employment promotion effect digital economy is closely linked to rural laborers’ skills (DS). Therefore, this study uses Mprobit model empirically test impact DS on labor choices. results show that: (1) acquisition by force significantly increases rate off-farm and entrepreneurship but has no significant farm employment, with work having most positive online ...