Cystoid macular oedema (CMO) is a major cause of reduced vision following intraocular surgery. Although the aetiology of CMO is not completely clarified, intraocular inflammation is known to play a major role in its development. The macula may develop cytotoxic oedema when the primary lesion and fluid accumulation occur in the parenchymatous cells (intracellular oedema) or vasogenic oedema when...

Brain : Many, but not all, post mortem brain in cases of fatal malaria has been described as oedematous (Riganti et al., 1990). Cerebral oedema is detected less commonly during life, in two of ten unusually severe cases of cerebral malaria in Thailand, cerebral oedema developed as an agonal phenomenon (Looareesuwan et al., 1983). Macpherson et al. (1985) found minimal evidence of oedema. Oo et ...

Background Myocardial oedema and salvaged area at risk (ARA) have been described as markers of prognosis and as surrogate markers for clinical trials. The time-course of oedema has been described in a canine infarct model but the in vivo time course following revascularised MI has not been described. CMR is able to characterise oedema in myocardial tissue using T2-weighted sequences. We therefo...

The mortality of acute pulmonary oedema remains high. Pulmonary oedema is clinically defined as an excessive, diffuse accumulation of fluid in the tissues and alveolar spaces of the lung. Pulmonary oedema can be broadly divided into four categories : hydrostatic oedema, permeability oedema caused by lung injury (acute respiratory distress syndrome), permeability oedema without lung injury, and ...

The occurrence of pulmonary oedema was studied retrospectively in 243 patients who underwent pneumonectomy in one hospital from 1975 to 1984. Pulmonary oedema developed in eight of 113 patients who had a right sided pneumonectomy and in three of 130 patients undergoing a left sided procedure. It occurred more commonly in patients requiring a second thoracotomy because of blood loss (in three ou...

OBJECTIVE Cerebral oedema is a potentially devastating complication of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The relationship between osmolar changes, acid-base changes and development of cerebral oedema during therapy is unclear. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study on 53 children with severe DKA (mean pH at presentation 6.92±0.08). Cerebral oedema was diagnosed using neurological status, response to os...

Weinberger et al (2007) formulated an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of scrotal oedema to improve treatment planning. This algorithm highlights the need for multidisciplinary working to achieve the best outcome for patients. However, it mainly covers acute oedema, with chronic oedema forming only a small part of the pathway. Figure 1 redresses this balance, demonstrating how chronic o...