Testability measures are controllability and observability. Controllability guides the test generation algorithms while setting a value to primary input (PI) in line justification problem. When more than one path are available for error propagation Observability finds which path is to be select. This paper describes controllability functions (CC0, CC1) and observability function (ob) for combin...

WS-BPEL is a language which aims to conceive Business applications orchestrating a set of Web Services. Designing such applications is a difficult task since many different concepts are involved (parallelism, partner interaction, fault handling, etc.). However, some Meta-engineering techniques may help designers to improve the quality level of a specification. One of them, called Testability, h...

For finite-dimensional systems the Hautus test is a well-known and easy checkable condition for observability. Russell and Weiss (SIAM J. Control Optim. 32:123, 1994) suggested an infinite-dimensional version of the Hautus test, which is necessary for exact infinite-time observability and sufficient for approximate infinite-time observability of exponentially stable systems. In this paper the n...

In the present paper, a computer-aided approach to fault observability investigation of linear analog circuits is developed. The method is based on sensitivity investigation of the test characteristics in the frequency domain. The test frequencies are selected maximizing the sensitivity of the magnitude of the test characteristics. Applying postprocessing of the simulation results using macrode...

E. Sontag has introduced the concept of algebraic observability for n-dimensional polynomial systems. It is a stronger notion than the usual concept of observability and implies the existence of a polynomial expression of the state variables in terms of a finite number of derivatives of the output function. We prove that algebraic observability is a generic property for polynomial systems of bo...

This paper explores low observability flight path planning of unmanned air vehicles (UAV’s) in the presence of radar detection systems. The probability of detection model of an aircraft near an enemy radar depends on aircraft attitude, range, and configuration. A detection model is coupled with a simplified aircraft dynamics model. The Nonlinear Trajectory Generation (NTG) software package deve...

We define observability and detectability for linear switching systems as the possibility of reconstructing and respectively of asymptotically reconstructing the hybrid state of the system from the knowledge of the hybrid outputs for a suitable choice of the control input. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for observability that can be verified computationally. A characterization o...

 The above-mentioned work [1] presented an extended Kalman filter for calibrating the misalignment between a camera and an IMU. As one of the main contributions, the locally weakly observable analysis was carried out using Lie derivatives. The seminal paper [1] is undoubtedly the cornerstone of current observability work in SLAM and a number of real SLAM systems have been developed on the obse...

It is known that for nonlinear systems the driftobservability property (i.e. observability for zero input) is no t sufficient to guarantee the existence of an asymptotic observer for any input. Many authors studied conditions on systems structure that ensure uniform observability (i.e. observability for any input). Conditions are available that define restrict classes of uniformly observable sy...

In this paper we consider a system of two coupled conservative wave equations and we prove an observability estimate. We treat the question of uniform observability for the finite difference semi-discretization. As for a single wave equation (see Infante and Zuazua (Math. Model. Num. Ann. 33, 407–438, 1999)), we prove that there exists a lack of numerical observability, i.e., the constant on th...