This paper is a comparison of how first-order Kyburgian Evidential Probability (EP), second-order EP, and objective Bayesian epistemology compare as to the KLM system-P rules for consequence relations and the monotonic / non-monotonic divide.

Objective studies of men's reproductive function are hindered by their reliance on: (i) self-reporting to quantify sexual activity and (ii) masturbation to quantify sperm output rendering both types of estimate vulnerable to unverifiable subjective factors. We therefore examined whether detection of spermatozoa and measurement of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in urine could provide objective ...

Goal programming is a technique often used in engineering design activities primarily to find a compromised solution which will simultaneously satisfy a number of design goals. In solving goal programming problems, classical methods reduce the multiple goal-attainment problem into a single objective of minimizing a weighted sum of deviations from goals. Moreover, in tackling non-linear goal pro...

Shortest path problems appear as subproblems in numerous optimization problems. In most papers concerning multiple objective shortest path problems, additivity of the objective is a de-facto assumption, but in many real-life situations objectives and criteria, can be non-additive. The purpose of this paper is to give a general framework for dominance tests for problems involving a number of non...

The world's objective pattern is formed through consistent histories of quantum measurements originating as different branches of the same wave function. When we come close to the limits of measurement (either by approaching the speed of light or the values of the Planck's quantum), the relational effects come into place and the objectivity of world's pattern melts down. But when we are positio...

In recent years, the application of metaheuristic techniques to solve multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) has become an active research area. Solving these kinds of problems involves obtaining a set of Pareto-optimal solutions in such a way that the corresponding Pareto front fulfills the requirements of convergence to the true Pareto front and uniform diversity. Most studies on metahe...

Although there has been a demarcation between development and evolution (maintenance) of software, this is increasingly irrelevant as fewer and very fewer systems are completely new. Additionally, once a software engineer understands a system's structure, it is difficult to preserve this understanding, because the structure tends to change during maintenance. So Software engineers greatly empha...

Non-linear microscopy has the potential to provide clinically useful information on the structure of biological tissue in vivo via an endomicroscope. The ability to use plastic as the optical material in a multiphoton objective was evaluated based on several criteria including autofluorescence, injection molding induced birefringence, and pulse broadening due to group velocity dispersion. An al...

Currently, stochastic optimization on the one hand and multi-objective optimization on the other hand are rich and well-established special fields of Operations Research. Much less developed, however, is their intersection: the analysis of decision problems involving multiple objectives and stochastically represented uncertainty simultaneously. This is amazing, since in economic and managerial ...

This paper proposes a new perceptuallybased method for assessing speech quality and evaluates its performance. The method is based on comparing the received speech to an appropriate reference representing the closest match from a preformulated codebook. The codebook holds a number of optimally clustered speech parameter vectors extracted from a large number of various undistorted clean speech r...