background: neurotologic signs and symptoms, especially vestibular symptoms are common in migrainous patients. involvement of the visual system in migrainures has received a great deal of attention in recent years, but the oculomotor part of the visual system has been largely ignored. the goal of this study was to investigate some parts of the central vestibular system using the oculomotor part...

Involvement of the superior semicircular canal (SSC) in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is rare. SSC BPPV is distinguished from the more common posterior semicircular canal (PSC) variant by the pattern of nystagmus triggered by the Dix-Hallpike position: down-beating torsional nystagmus in SSC BPPV versus up-beating torsional nystagmus in PSC BPPV. SSC BPPV may be readily treated at...

The morbidity of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was investigated from the functional standpoint by analyzing nystagmus elicited by the caloric test. As a result of an investigation of the three (horizontal, vertical and torsional) components of the nystagmus elicited by the caloric stimulus (cold water), the vertical nystagmus differed in direction between the left and the right ea...

Although technologic advances have permitted quantitative insights into nystagmus analysis, the clinician should not be daunted. Many useful, often diagnostic, observations can be made by physical examination alone. Figures 1 and 2 are examples of one convenient method of diagramming nystagmus. Also, nystagmus can be further described when the globes are inspected under slit-lamp magnification ...

Medial medullary infarction is characterized by contralateral paralysis of the arm and leg, contralateral loss of position and vibration sense, and an ipsilateral paralysis of the tongue. Rarely, upbeat nystagmus has been described. Bowtie nystagmus, which refers to oblique upbeat nystagmus with horizontal quick phases that alternate from right to left, has been reported in association with tob...

Rhythmic movements of the upper eyelids are infrequent manifestations of brain-stem disease. Gowers (1879) noted the close coordination between movements of the upper lids and eyeballs in vertical nystagmus. He attributed this coordinated movement to the natural synkinesis of the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles; this clinical observation was later verified electrophysio...

The assessment of a child with nystagmus involves first of all ensuring that the observed eye movement disturbance is genuine nystagmus rather than one of the stimulating disorders, particularly opsoclonus. Rather than a rhythmic to and fro oscillation as seen in nystagmus, children with opsoclonus demonstrate bursts of rapid (saccadic) eye movements that are multidirectional (horizontal, obliq...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to quantify and compare the effects of simulated horizontal nystagmus on pattern-reversal and pattern-onset visual evoked potentials (VEPs). METHODS In eight visually normal subjects with normal oculomotor behaviour, we monitored eye movements and recorded pattern-reversal and pattern-onset VEPs from occipital electrodes. Subjects viewed the stimulus monocul...

Suppression of congenital nystagmus by eyelid closure was studied by electrooculography in four cases under various conditions in order to elucidate whether the suppression is caused by blocking of fixation or not. The nystagmus persisted in the light as well as in the dark provided that the eyes were kept open. Frenzel's glasses did not suppress the nystagmus except for one case in whom jerky ...

AIM To report five children with horizontal jerk nystagmus in whom eye movement recordings in the dark revealed a spontaneous reversal in the direction of the nystagmus beat. Three patients were blind in one eye and were diagnosed as having a manifest latent nystagmus (MLN), and two patients had strabismus and congenital nystagmus (CN). METHODS Eye movements were recorded using DC electro-ocu...