A young female presented to the emergency department following a motor vehicle collision. She complained of left flank pain and was found to have haematuria. After investigation no trauma related injuries were identified. However, an incidental finding of nutcracker phenomenon/syndrome was made. Nutcracker phenomenon is a rare cause of haematuria resulting from nontraumatic compression of the l...

Nutcracker syndrome is described as the symptomatic compression of left renal vein between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, resulting in outflow congestion of the left kidney. We present the case of a 51-year-old male with a left-sided inferior vena cava, resulting in compression of the right renal vein by the superior mesenteric artery. Secondary to this anatomic anomaly, the pati...

APRIL 2010 I ENDOVASCULAR TODAY I 25 E ntrapment of the left renal vein (LRV) between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) causing the classic clinical triad of hematuria, varicocele, and left abdominal or flank pain was first described in 1950.1 Later, this array of symptoms was termed “the nutcracker syndrome” by De Schepper in 1972.2 Endovascular technology has evolved as...

Renal nutcracker syndrome is an anatomic anomaly characterized by the compression of the left renal vein between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta or between the aorta and the vertebral body. Diagnosis is often challenging. Common presenting symptoms include hematuria, abdominal pain, and pelvic congestion. Several open and endovascular techniques have been described to treat this sy...

Nonatherosclerotic vascular diseases of the mesenteric and renal arteries are considered to occur less frequently than those caused by occlusive atherosclerotic disease. However, when present, they pose a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Such disorders include fibromuscular dysplasia, median arcuate ligament syndrome, the renal nutcracker syndrome, and some forms of acute and c...

Posterior nutcracker syndrome occurs when a retroaortic left renal vein becomes compressed between the abdominal aorta and the lumbar spine. Although open surgical approaches remain the treatment of choice, endovascular stenting has been used successfully. We describe a case of a 28-year-old man who presented with microscopic hematuria, left-sided flank pain, and testicular swelling. Computed t...

CC This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A 40-year-old male patient, who had undergone laparoscopic fundoplication for hiatus her...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the clinical utility of esophageal manometry among Sudanese patients presenting to the National Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Ibn Sina Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. METHODOLOGY Consecutive patients referred for esophageal manometry at the aforementioned center from July 2008 through January 2011 were included in the study. Manometr...