The liquid film re-growth behaviour resulting from pulsed laser surface melting (LSM) has been investigated for typical 2xxx, and 7xxx aerospace alloys, both on parent plate and friction stir welded (FSW) joints. In Zr free alloys, as a result of the high growth rate and steep thermal gradient, the melted layer re-grew with a stable front, epitaxially, from the parent subsurface grains. This ca...

The medium Mn steels are gaining increasing attention due to their excellent combination of mechanical properties and material cost. A cold-rolled 0.1C5Mn medium Mn steel with a ferrite matrix plus metastable austenite duplex microstructure was resistance spot-welded with various welding currents and times. The nugget size rose with the increase of heat input, but when the welding current excee...

The friction stir welding process has been used to join 13mm gauge 2024-T351 aluminium alloy plates together. A detailed microstructural study of the resulting weld was carried out using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), hardness testing, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). DSC was used to explain the hardness results at a number of regions acr...

the spot welding is widely used for joining thin sheets in different industries; such as automotive industry. this method of welding is very easy to automate and maintain. in this study, the effect of nugget diameter on the tensile-shear strength of the spot welding joints was investigated. the specimens were manufactured from aisi 1008 hr sheets with 1.0 mm thickness. the eight different elect...

In data mining, nugget discovery is the discovery of interesting classification rules that apply to a target class. In previous research, heuristic methods (Genetic algorithms, Simulated Annealing and Tabu Search) have been used to optimise a single measure of interest. This paper proposes the use of multiobjective optimisation evolutionary algorithms to allow the user to interactively select a...

The TREC Definition and Relationship questions are evaluated on the basis of information nuggets that may be contained in system responses. Human evaluators provide informal descriptions of each nugget, and judgements (assignments of nuggets to responses) for each response submitted by participants. While human evaluation is the most accurate way to compare systems, approximate automatic evalua...

Fatigue failure characteristics of friction stir welds in 13mm gauge 2024-T351 plate have been assessed. Failure occurred from either the weld region (nugget/flow arm) or from the material immediately surrounding the weld. Fatigue failure from the surrounding material was essentially conventional, initiating from large S-phase intermetallic particles and growing in a macroscopic mode I manner. ...

<p><span>The study aims to compare the physical characteristics (water holding capacity and cooking loss) chemical (moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate content, total calories) of Chitofudregs nugget with commercial nuggets. Four categories nuggets which are <a name="_Hlk134429573"></a>Fiesta, So Good, Nugget Curah, (FT, SG, NC, Chitofudregs) were determined as tre...

A detailed introduction to variogram analysis of reflectance data is provided, and variogram parameters (nugget, sill, and range values) were examined as possible indicators of abiotic (irrigation regime) and biotic (spider mite infestation) stressors. Reflectance data was acquired from 2 maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) at multiple time points in 2 data sets (229 hyperspectral images), and data fro...

Ž . Using spatial simulated annealing SSA , spatial sampling schemes can be optimised for minimal kriging variance. Two optimisation criteria are presented in this paper. The first criterion minimises the average kriging variance, the second the maximum kriging variance. In a simple case with 23 observations, performances of a sampling scheme obtained with SSA were compared with performances of...