Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various industries, including the gaming industry. With advent of AI, game developers can now create more sophisticated and engaging non-playable characters (NPCs) that interact with players adapt to their behavior. NPCs are an essential component modern games as they provide a immersive experience by adding depth complexity world. AI techniques h...

BACKGROUND Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the developing neuroepithelium are regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. There is evidence that NPCs form a self-supporting niche for cell maintenance and proliferation. However, molecular interactions and cell-cell contacts and the microenvironment within the neuroepithelium are largely unknown. We hypothesized that cellular proteases especi...

During mouse neocortical development, the Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway plays essential roles in various phenomena including neuronal differentiation and proliferation of neural precursor cells (NPCs). Production of the appropriate number of neurons without depletion of the NPC population requires precise regulation of the balance between differentiation and maintenance of NPCs. However, the ...

Neural stem/progenitor cells (NPC) can be used for therapeutic purposes in several ways. Cultured NPCs offer a unique cell source to study the neural mechanisms in normal situations as well as in the pathogenesis of genetic diseases. In neurodegenerative disorders, potential therapies to recover the damaged neurons are NPC transplantation or activation of a patient’s own NPCs. However, the mech...

Studies in multiple sclerosis have demonstrated that normal-appearing white matter can harbor pathological changes. Here we investigated the effects of neuroinflammation, modeled by experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) on neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) located distally to inflammatory foci. We observed that EAE-derived NPCs had a lower capacity to differentiate into oligodendroc...

While much is known about the role of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) in nucleocytoplasmic transport, the mechanism of NPC assembly into pores formed through the double lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope is not well defined. To investigate the dynamics of NPCs, we developed a live-cell assay in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The nucleoporin Nup49p was fused to the green fluorescent protei...

Abstract Leigh syndrome (LS) is a severe manifestation of mitochondrial disease in children and currently incurable. The lack effective models hampers our understanding the mechanisms underlying neuronal pathology LS. Using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells CRISPR/Cas9 engineering, we developed human model LS caused by mutations complex IV assembly gene SURF1 . Single-cell RNA-sequ...

responding to critical shortages of physicians, most sub-saharan countries have scaled up training of nonphysician clinicians (npcs), resulting in a gradual but decisive shift to npcs as the cornerstone of healthcare delivery. this development should unfold in parallel with strategic rethinking about the role of physicians and with innovations in physician education and in-service training. in ...

Niemann-Pick disease is caused by a genetic deficiency in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) leading to the intracellular accumulation of sphingomyelin and cholesterol in lysosomes. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of direct intracerebral transplantation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) on the brain storage pathology in the ASM knock-out (ASMKO) mouse model of Type A Niemann-Pick diseas...

Neural precursor (NPC) based therapies are used to restore neurons or oligodendrocytes and/or provide neuroprotection in a large variety of neurological diseases. In multiple sclerosis models, intravenously (i.v) -delivered NPCs reduced clinical signs via immunomodulation. We demonstrated recently that NPCs were able to cross cerebral endothelial cells in vitro and that the multifunctional sign...