pragmatic assessment and consistency in rating are among the subject matters which are still in need of more profound investigations. the importance of the issue is highlighted when remembering that inconsistency in ratings would surely damage the test fairness issue in assessment and lead to much diversity in ratings. our principal concern in this study was observing the criteria that american...

The application of Multifaceted Rasch Measurement (MFRM) in rating test takers’ oral language proficiency has been investigated in some previous studies (e.g., Winke, Gass, & Myford, 2012). However, little research so far has ever documented the effect of test takers’ genders on their oral performances and few studies have investigated the relationship between the impact of raters’ gender on th...

Some behaviors such as smiles require human raters for their measurement. A model of the rating process is explored that assumes that the probability distribution of overt rating responses depends on which of several underlying or latent responses occurred. The ideal of theoretically identical raters is considered and also departures from such identity. Methods for parameter estimation and asse...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop and critically appraise a global rating scale (GRS) for the assessment of individual paramedic clinical competence at the entry-to-practice level. METHODS The development phase of this study involved task analysis by experts, contributions from a focus group, and a modified Delphi process using a national expert panel to establish evidence of con...

Despite the vastly increased dissemination of low-intensity (LI) version cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for treatment anxiety and depression, no valid reliable indices LI-CBT clinical competencies currently exist. This research therefore sought to develop evaluate two measures: assessment competency scale (LIAC) (LITC). Inductive deductive methods were used construct scales detailed rating ma...

Abstract This study investigates the effects of using design thinking on students’ problem solving and creativity skills, applying a constructivist learning theory. A course where students use for analyzing real problems proposing solution, was evaluated. The involved 910 novice university from different disciplines who worked in teams throughout semester. Data were collected at three times dur...

BACKGROUND Health care educators need valid and reliable tools to assess evidence based practice (EBP) knowledge and skills. Such instruments have yet to be developed for use among physical therapists. The Fresno Test (FT) has been validated only among general practitioners and occupational therapists and does not assess integration of research evidence with patient perspectives and clinical ex...

motivation is one of those factors affecting the success and quality of athletic performance. however, limited research has been conducted on the motivational traits of iranian athletes. this study aimed at describing the motivational traits of skilled and novice athletes of team and individual sports in some selected sports fields. players of national teams of the individual sports of karate, ...