despite the great fame the well-known abbasid poet –abu nuwas- enjoys, his real character is covered in a misty cloud. one of the vague aspects of his character is his religious and political tendency in a way that his poems carry the features of both atheism and belief in god and the judgment day. from a political perspective, he is an advocate of abbasid government, and at the same time a shi...

intertextuality is an approach which is considered in modern criticism. arabic contemporary literature has derived a collection of modern concepts from western literature called tanas in arabic language. the intertextuality is applied to study literary texts more deeply and to access to their unmentioned. the holy quran text has an integral link with poems of many poets ;for example, ibrahim to...

The article aims to highlight the feeling of uncertainty and existential disturbance Vittorio Sereni di Frontiera. dissertation starts from use that poet makes natural elements in first collection his poems exemplify, through reading Inverno, opening poem collection, how “fog” concretizes a vague foreseen events but not yet experienced, nor clearly seen. Parole chiave: Sereni; Frontiera; Incert...

bertolt brecht composed poems, focusing on the political, social and economic situations of his time. this fact could also be seen in his plays. with this outlook brecht challenges the readers of his work with regard to the social problems of their time. doing so, the reader finds himself in a difficult task that tests his ability and skill to resolve the problems. the initial poems of brecht s...

Abstract This essay offers a codicological analysis of three manuscripts—Bühler 70a (Ms. 7089), Bühler 70b 7304) and 70c 7303)—of the British Library, which contain some panegyrics composed by Rudra Kavi (fl. 1570s–1650s). Based on critical appraisal handwriting, colophons, watermark other textual attributes, this shows that manuscripts constitute composite volume an incomplete anthology Rudra'...

Simile and allusion are two rhetorical aspects that have been taken into consideration by the scholars of rhetoric since long time ago. Some of the Iranian poets have used the capacities of the Persian language and integrated these aspects to create a modern rhetoric which in this study is introduced as rhetorical simile. The objective of the present study is the investigation of this rhetoric ...

abstract nizar qabbani is known among arab poets as a poet of love and women. in fact these two words in the dictionary of nizar go out of the framework of definitions and restrictions that make it into the department of the collector and the inhibitor. he tried hard to find these adorable in this picturesque valley; but he did not know her way, however, may open doors to women. in the poems of...

poet does not use prefabricated or preplanned words in his or her mid but he uses too much care in selecting and using his words or language. afterwards, s/he reorders it in terms of his or her chosen symbolic indications and he might innovates new scheme for him or herself, after a long reflection and rethinking so that he achieves his or her reader’s hope and interest in reaching the unforese...