the multiple reference frames (mrf) method is the most suitable method tosimulate impeller rotation in mixing systems. precise determination of stationaryand moving zones in mrf method leads to accurate results in mixing performance.in this research, the entire volume of mixing system was divided into two zones.the kinetic energy values were used to distinguish the zones with differentvelocitie...

Although there are many excellent ways presenting the principle of the classical calculus, the novel presentations probably leads most naturally to the development of the non-Newtonian calculus. The important point to note is that the non-Newtonian calculus is a self-contained system independent of any other system of calculus. Since this self-contained work is intended for a wide audience, inc...

Interfacial velocity measurements were performed in an optical annular channel, consisting of stationary inner and outer cylinders, a floor rotating at a constant rate, and a flat free surface on which an insoluble monolayer was initially spread. Measurements for essentially inviscid monolayers and some viscous monolayers on water show good agreement with numerical predictions for a Newtonian i...

Roll coating is distinguished by the use of one or more gaps between rotating cylinders to meter and apply a liquid layer to a substrate. Except at low speed, the two-dimensional film splitting flow that occurs in forward roll coating is unstable; a three-dimensional steady flow sets in, resulting in more or less regular stripes in the machine direction. For Newtonian liquids, the stability of ...

Diverse tree structures such as blood vessels, branches of a tree and river basins exist in nature. The constructal law states that the evolution of flow structures in nature has a tendency to facilitate flow. This study suggests a theoretical basis for evaluation of flow facilitation within vascular structure from the perspective of evolution. A novel evolution parameter (Ev) is proposed to qu...

in the present study, the nonlinear model of non-newtonian blood flow in cosine-shape stenosed elastic artery is numerically examined. the model is carried out for axisymmetric, two-dimensional and fully developed blood flow. the vessel wall is assumed to be have time-dependent radius that is important factor for study of blood flow. the cosine-shape stenosis convert to rigid artery by using a ...

Viscoelastic materials with fading memory, e.g., polymers, suspensions, and emulsions, exhibit behavior that is intermediate between the nonlinear hyperbolic response of purely elastic materials and the strongly diffusive, parabolic response of viscous fluids. Many popular numerical methods used in the computation of steady viscoelastic flows fail in important flow regimes, and thus do not capt...