Abstract Tunnel boring machine (TBM) operational data is mostly analysed with respect to that was recorded during the advance of TBM. Focusing on standstills a gripper TBM, we analyse rock loads were passively in cylinders small roof support shield. These are situated beneath TBM’s shield – extending it against mass non-advance periods. Equipped pressure sensors, they enable unique opportunity ...

Radiation exposure dosimetry for the personnel is based on measurements of phantom studies. To determine effective dose values for different X-ray equipment, TLD-measurements were performed using an Alderson Phantom in the patient position and a second phantom in the typical position of the personnel. Various types of protective clothing as well as fixed shields were considered in the calculati...

Introduction Most of the nuclear imaging systems require the use of a gamma (γ)-ray radiation shield to attenuate a stream of γ-rays so that only those traveling in a specified direction are allowed through and to absorb the scattered γ-rays from out of interest regions [1-2]. To meet those requirements, a γ-ray radiation shield is usually made out of lead (Pb) or some other high Z material suc...

The well-known doctoral work of Shields is a tale that is frequently recounted by many authors and has spawned a large, continuing body of research over the last 60 years. Despite the success of Shields’ work, the details of his experimental methods and results as reported by others are quite variable. Inconsistencies and misconceptions regarding Shields’ work are identified and examined here. ...

conclusions comprehensive protection programs with on-the-job training courses for staff members are strongly recommended, as well as, the provision of radiological shields and gonad shielding protocols in radiology departments to reduce the patient’s radiation dose during radiological examinations. materials and methods a retrospective, observational cross-sectional study on the application of...

We present a simple design of electromagnetic shields for both field expelling and field confinement. Motivated by the concept of neutral inclusions in the theory of composites, we introduce two concepts of neutral shells, and use neutral shells to construct our designs of electromagnetic shields. We also discuss the relationships between electromagnetic shields and cloaking structures and argu...

Childhood lead poisoning in the United States remains a persistent, prevalent environmental public health problem, especially for children living in central-city neighborhoods. These neighborhoods typically are racially segregated, are in proximity to current and/or legacy lead emission sources, consist of older housing, and contain disproportionately African American or black children of low-i...

Town,SouthAfrica(DrC.L.Shields); Mellon Charitable Giving from the Martha W. Rogers Charitable Trust, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Dr C. L. Shields); the LuEsther Mertz Retina ResearchFoundation,NewYork,New York (Dr C. L. Shields); a donation from Michael, Bruce, and Ellen Ratner, New York (Drs C. L. Shields and J.A.Shields); theEyeTumorResearch Foundation, Philadelphia (Drs C. L. ShieldsandJ.A....

Plain pelvic radiographs are commonly used for a variety of pediatric orthopedic disorders. Lead shielding is typically placed over the gonads to minimize radiation exposure to these sensitive tissues. However, misplaced shielding can sabotage efforts to protect patients from excessive radiation exposure either by not covering radiosensitive tissues or by obscuring anatomic areas of interest, p...