Bayesian networks are parametric models for multidimensional domains exhibiting complex dependencies between the dimensions (domain variables). A central problem in learning such models is how to regularize the number of parameters; in other words, how to determine which dependencies are significant and which are not. The normalized maximum likelihood (NML) distribution or code offers an inform...

Measurements by the University of California Berkeley Infrared Spatial Interferometer at 11.15 km have yielded strong evidence for multiple dust shells and/or signiÐcant asymmetric dust emission around NML Cyg. New observations reported also include multiple 8È13 km spectra taken from 1994È1995 and N-band (10.2 km) photometry from 1980È1992. These and past measurements are analyzed and Ðtted to...

The normalized maximum likelihood (NML) model [2]-[4] for a class of Markov sources [6] was recently used for the compression of full genomes, obtaining for the human genome the best existing compression results [1]. We show that one of the underlying biological features that the compression algorithm implicitly uncovers is the existence of approximate gene duplication. We proposed a refined me...

We study online prediction of individual sequences under logarithmic loss with parametric constant experts. The optimal strategy, normalized maximum likelihood (NML), is computationally demanding and requires the length of the game to be known. We consider two simpler strategies: sequential normalized maximum likelihood (SNML), which computes the NML forecasts at each round as if it were the la...

OBJECTIVE Although ADHD medications are effective for the behavioral components of the disorder, little information exists concerning their effects on cognition, especially in community samples. METHOD A cross-sectional study of ADHD patients treated with three different ADHD drugs was conducted. Patients' performance on a computerized neurocognitive screening battery was compared to untreate...

The methane potential of activated sludge from six Swedish pulp and paper mills was evaluated. The methane production potential of sludge samples ranged from 100-200 NmL CH4 g(-1) volatile solids (VS) and for four of the six sludge samples the potential exceeded 170 NmL CH4 g(-1) VS. The effects of sludge age and dewatering on the methane production potential were evaluated. The effects of enzy...

With fossil fuels being the primary source of energy in today’s world, different types biofuels and bioenergy have been proposed to reduce our reliance on them.<b> </b>In recent years, Mexico has suffering from overaccumulation macroalgae species known as <i>Sargassum</i> its Caribbean coastal shoreline. The purpose this study is investigate usage Sargassum feedstock for...

We present results from a 40 ks XMM-Newton observation of the X-ray filament coincident with the southeast edge of the Centaurus A Northern Middle Radio Lobe (NML). We find that the X-ray filament consists of five spatially resolved X-ray knots embedded in a continuous diffuse bridge. The spectrum of each knot is well fitted by a thermal model with temperatures ranging from 0.3-0.7 keV and subs...

Domain-specific languages describe specific solutions to problems in the application domain. Traditionally they form a solution composing black-box abstractions together. This, usually, involves non-deep transformations over the target model. In this paper we argue that it is potentially powerful to operate with grey-box abstractions to build a domain-specific software system. We present parame...