AIMS This paper reports a study examining the process and outcomes of a long-term, multicomponent smoking cessation intervention for patients with lung disease initiated while hospitalized and provided over 1-year postdischarge. BACKGROUND Successful smoking cessation interventions are of primary importance for people with lung disease. Initiation of such an intervention in hospital settings ...

Cigarettes are very efficient, but exceedingly 'dirty', nicotine delivery systems. Although nicotine creates dependency, it is the contaminated delivery system that causes tobacco-related harm. With an annual global tobacco market > USD$300 billion, and a large proportion of the > 1 billion tobacco users seeking to avoid the 50% risk of death, there should be a huge market for alternative nicot...

BACKGROUND Many Japanese believe that low-yield cigarettes are less hazardous than regular cigarettes, and many smokers consume low-yield cigarettes to reduce their risks from smoking. We evaluate the association between actual nicotine intake and brand nicotine yield, and the influence of nicotine dependence on this association. METHODS The study subjects included 458 Japanese male smokers, ...

The cholinergic system underlies both adaptive (learning and memory) and nonadaptive (addiction and dependency) behavioral changes through its ability to shape and regulate plasticity. Protein modulators such as lynx family members can fine tune the activity of the cholinergic system and contribute to the graded response of the cholinergic system, stabilizing neural circuitry through direct int...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a smoking cessation program on the amount of smoking and nicotine dependence and the self-efficacy of smoking cessation for smoking workers. METHODS The total number of subjects was 38 smokers and was divided into two: 16 smokers were placed in the experimental group and 22 in the control group. A nonequivalent control group pre...

OBJECTIVE We examined how quantity and trajectory of smoking reduction influence later abstinence in smokers without intention to quit and being prescribed free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). METHOD We conducted an a posteriori analysis from a data archive of adult smokers in a randomized controlled trial of smoking reduction using counseling and free NRT (n = 928). Reduction was analyze...

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