In runtime enforcement of security policies, the classic requirements on monitors in order to enforce a security policy are soundness and transparency. However, there are many monitors that successfully pass this specification but they differ in complexity of both their implementation and the output they produce. In order to distinguish and compare these monitors we propose to associate cost wi...

This paper analyzes the efficiency of the Brazilian banking sector over the post-privatization period of 2000-2007. We employ a Bayesian stochastic frontier approach, which provides exact efficiency estimates and confidence intervals and thus, allows an accurate comparison across institutions and bank groups. The results suggest that large banks are the most cost and profit efficient, supportin...

Cost awareness and cost efficiency has always been major concerns to organizations from all industries but in the last few years its importance grew due to the global economic and financial crisis. Considering their small size and market exposure, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) need cost awareness and efficiency more than ever. However, efficient and accurate costing methodologies are out ...

In an ad hoc network, all communication is done over wireless media, typically by radio through the air, without the help of wired base stations. Since direct communication is allowed only between adjacent nodes, distant nodes communicate over multiple hops. The quality-of-service (QoS) routing in an ad hoc network is difficult because the network topology may change constantly, and the availab...

The concern about customer satisfaction and transportation cost in the business environment has spurred an interest in designing a flexible logistics network. This paper proposes a multi-delivery path closed-loop supply chain network to find not only the most cost efficient network design but also the best path to deliver the products to customers. To tackle with such an NP-hard problem an Arti...

Recent years increase in organizations’ dependence on information technology has ushered in changing roles for IT departments and IT governance alike. Instead of being primarily focused on the continuous and cost efficient maintenance and support of existing resources, there is a need for a more balanced take on IT Governance which calls for an ambidextrous approach. This involves an increased ...

This paper presents evidence on the impact of managers on cost efficiency in banking. Stochastic frontier analysis is applied to a unique Finnish data set. The paper finds that manager age and education have strong yet complicated effects. University education enhances efficiency if the manager is running a large bank. Managing director changes are systematically followed by efficiency changes....

this paper describes an advantageous method for using the capacitor banks in the distribution network, optimally. the aim is to determine the count, location and capacitor values in order to minimize the annual cost resulting from energy losses and capacitor bank’s installation cost. besides, in the case of having nonlinear loads in the network, by installing capacitors in appropriate locations...