Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive loss of cognitive abilities and memory loss. The aim of this study was to compare neuropathological changes in hippocampus and brain cortex in a rat model of AD. Methods: Adult male Albino Wistar rats (weighing 250-300 g) were used for behavioral and histopathological studies. The rats were randomly assigned t...

The neuropathology of autism is punctutated by a heterochronicity of brain development. There is overgrowth of the brain at early stages of childhood with a disproportionate increase in its white matter. Parcellation of the white matter has found an increase in its outer radiate matter (e.g. arcuate fibers) with reductions in its inner compartment (e.g., corpus callosum). These changes may be t...

We examined the relationships between normal aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and brain levels of sex steroid hormones in men and women. In postmortem brain tissue from neuropathologically normal, postmenopausal women, we found no age-related changes in brain levels of either androgens or estrogens. In comparing women with and without AD at different ages, brain levels of estrogens and androgen...

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are frequently seen on T(2)-weighted MRI scans of elderly subjects with and without Alzheimer's disease. WMH are only weakly and inconsistently associated with cognitive decline, which may be explained by heterogeneity of the underlying neuropathological substrates. The use of quantitative MRI could increase specificity for these neuropathological changes. We...

Forgetfulness is common symptom with age. Especially for midlife women, hormonal cessation by menopausal change is one of the causes in cognitive disorders. And neuropathological changes in brain can lead to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and eventually dementia. Prevention of MCI is important for decreasing progression to dementia. This article presents therapeutic approaches based on pathoph...

There is evidence that repetitive mild traumatic brain injury leads to specific patterns of neuropathological findings, labeled chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). However, questions remain about whether these neuropathological changes produce changes in behavior, cognition, and emotional status that are associated with a unique neuropsychiatric profile that can be assessed using currently ...