Glutamate induces excitotoxic damage to hippocampal pyramidal neurons in Status Epilepticus (SE) and epilepsy. In this study, we investigated time course of dysregulation of calcium homeostasis at various intervals after an episode of SE in acutely isolated CA1hippocampal pyramidal. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats (200 g) were subjected to pilocarpine-induced SE. The SE was blocked a...

conclusions the sex differences in the neuroanatomy of the human mirror neuron system affect functional recovery of patients with hemiparesis. the improvement in studied women was found to be significantly greater than studied men. the results indicate a higher chance of recovery among hemiparetic women, especially those watching functional movies. results comparison of all variables related to...

radioiodinated meta iodobenzylguanidine (mibg) is one of the important radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine. [123/131i]mibg is used for imaging of adrenal medulla, studying heart sympathetic nerves, treatment of pheochromacytoma and neuroblastoma. for clinical application, radioiodinated mibg is prepared through isotopic exchange method, which includes replacement of radioactive iodine in a...

background exposure to morphine decreases neurogenesis in the hippocampus. recent studies have shown that voluntary running decreases the severity of anxiety behaviors and cognitive deficits, and increased synaptic plasticity in morphine-dependent rats. objectives this study aimed to investigate whether the morphine dependence-induced attenuation of hippocampal neuron number in rats would be re...

objective(s):theneuroprotective effect of lithium has been attributed to its therapeutic action. however, the role of glial cells particularly astrocytes, and the possible interactions between neurons and astrocytes in neuroprotective effects of lithium have been disregarded. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the direct effects of lithium on brain derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) an...

the present study is related to the histochemical investigations on the changes in the intensity of reactions of axons, acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides, biologically active macromolecules, particularly glycogen and protein component as well as alkaline phosphatase (alpase) and adenosine triphosphatase (atpase) in the cells lining the olfactory epithelium of catla catla . the intense reacti...

chronic constipation is still considered a functional or idiopathic disorder. however, in recent years there is evidence that its pathopysiological grounds may be actually due to a complex system of abnormalities of the enteric nervous system of these patients. in particular, as reported in this review, the enteric glial cells seem to be constantly involved in constipated patients, suggesting t...

background: melatonin has receptors in substantia nigra pars compacta (snc) and regulates development of dopaminergic (da) neurons. this study was undertaken to determine ability of melatonin to protect snc dopaminergic neuron loss induced by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. methods: female rats were randomized into four groups of seven each: control, ethanol sham, ovariectomy (ovx) ...

background: cell therapy of many neurodegenerative diseases using bone marrow stromal cells (bmsc) requires the differentiation of bmsc into neuronal subtype. however, the transdifferentiation of bmsc into gabaergic phenotype requires more investigation. methods: in this study, bmsc of adult female rats were pre-induced into neuroblast-like cells using 1 mm β-mercaptoethanol (βme) and 10 m ret...

introduction: previously, we demonstrated that i.p. injection of aqueous extract prepared from aerial parts of drosera spatulata (droseraceae) can induced remarkable analgesia in both phases of formalin test in rats. because, analgesia induced in acute phase of formalin test mainly mediated by activation of central analgesic mechanisms and also paragigantocellularis (pgi) nucleus is part of bra...