Neuroendocrine tumors commonly involve the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Primary genitourinary neuroendocrine tumors are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all bladder carcinomas. Four histopathologic subtypes have been described. Among those, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is the least common, is more aggressive, and generally presents in an advanced stage with poor ...

BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine tumor originates from the diffuse neuroendocrine system. Intracranial originating is lower to 0.74 %. CASE PRESENTATION We present two cases of primary intracranial neuroendocrine tumor A 39-year-old woman was admitted with headache, fever, polydipsia and polyuria. Biochemical and endocrinological results showed hyponatremia, hypothyroidism and hypopituitarism. MRI s...

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a type of undifferentiated, malignant neuroendocrine tumor. Most of neuroendocrine tumors exhibit well-differentiated features and are classified as carcinoid tumors. However, carcinomas of the liver with anaplastic characters, which are classified as small-cell carcinomas are extremely rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature. We repor...

The role of cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system in development and maintenance of individual organs and tissues remains poorly understood. Here we identify a regulatory region sufficient for accurate in vivo expression of synaptophysin (SYP), a common marker of neuroendocrine differentiation, and report generation of Tg(Syp-EGFP(loxP)-DTA)147(Ayn) (SypELDTA) mice suitable for flexible or...

Neuroendocrine tumors rarely occur in the urinary bladder, relatively less than 1% of occurrence, as tumor is very rare, pathogenesis uncertain some authors showed that it from urothelial origin. It can be carcinomatous, subdivided into small cell and large pathology. Small carcinoma bladder a rarity may present at an advanced pathologic stage. No treatment regimens have been standardized for l...

OBJECTIVE To establish reproducible electron microscopic criteria for identifying the four major types of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: carcinoid; atypical carcinoid; large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; and small cell carcinoma. METHODS Measurements were made on electron micrographs using a digital image analyzer. Sixteen morphometric variables related to tumor cell differentiation were...

AIMS Antibodies against CD56 are primarily used in flow cytometric studies to detect natural killer cells. However, they may be useful in the identification of neuroendocrine malignancies, especially if the cells do not express CD45, indicating a non-leucocyte origin. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted on all solid tissue flow cytometric studies performed between January 1997 and Se...

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx encompass five separate tumors: paraganglioma, typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell carcinoma, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Many synonyms are employed, with well-, moderately, and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma commonly applied to the middle three tumors (World Health Organization preferred terminology). Paraganglio...

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) can be found in most organs, as well as in the urinary bladder. Some of the clinical and pathologic features of these tumors may be characteristic of the organ of origin, but most of the properties are shared by neuroendocrine neoplasms regardless of their anatomic site. In the bladder, NETs comprise less than 1% of all bladder tumors and can be found in a pure form...

Neuroendocrine tumors are most often located in the intestine and lungs but they can arise from other areas of the body. Limited data is available on epidemiology and clinical patterns of neuroendocrine tumors in Iran. We analyzed medical records of 34 patients from 2 cancer centers (Emam Khomeini hospital and Omid Charity Cancer Center) in west Azarbaijan province of Iran with neuroendocrine t...