Systems biology approaches can reveal intermediary levels of organization between genotype and phenotype that often underlie biological phenomena such as polygenic effects and protein dispensability. An important conceptualization is the module, which is loosely defined as a cohort of proteins that perform a dedicated cellular task. Based on a computational analysis of limited interaction datas...

We analyzed human browsing behavior on a large-scale web-based system. Human-web interaction sequences were temporally segmented into blocks encompassing elemental and compound browsing tasks. Network representation of the human browsing behavior resembles a complex network. The complex network traversal topology has a small number of hubs. The hubs contract and disperse navigational pathways. ...

Repeating patterns of spike sequences from a neuronal network have been proposed to be useful in the reconstruction of the network topology. Reverberations in a physiologically realistic model with various physical connection topologies (from random to scale free) have been simulated to study the effectiveness of the pattern-matching method in the reconstruction of network topology from network...

Connectivity is not distributed evenly throughout the brain. Instead, it is concentrated on a small number of highly connected neural elements that act as network hubs. Across different species and measurement scales, these hubs show dense interconnectivity, forming a core or "rich club" that integrates information across anatomically distributed neural systems. Here, we show that projections b...

Highly connected nodes (hubs) in biological networks are topologically important to the structure of the network and have also been shown to be preferentially associated with a range of phenotypes of interest. The relative importance of a hub node, however, can change depending on the biological context. Here, we report a Cytoscape app, the Contextual Hub Analysis Tool (CHAT), which enables use...

Network studies of large-scale brain connectivity have begun to reveal attributes that promote the segregation and integration of neural information: communities and hubs. Network communities are sets of regions that are strongly interconnected among each other while connections between members of different communities are less dense. The clustered connectivity of network communities supports f...

We address the problem of designing two-level networks protected against single edge failures. A set of nodes must be partitioned into terminals and hubs, hubs must be connected through a backbone network, and terminals must be assigned to hubs and connected to them through access networks, being the objective to minimize the total cost. We consider two survivable structures, two-edge connected...

Hubs, or vertices with large degrees, play massive roles in, for example, epidemic dynamics, innovation diffusion, and synchronization on networks. However, costs of owning edges can motivate agents to decrease their degrees and avoid becoming hubs, whereas they would somehow like to keep access to a major part of the network. By analyzing a model and tennis players’ partnership networks, we sh...

In this work we address a capacitated hub problem arising from a Telecommunications application. In this problem we must choose the routes and the hubs to use in order to send a set of commodities from sources to destinations in a given capacitated network with a minimum cost. The capacities and costs of the arcs and hubs are given, and the graph connecting the hubs is not assumed to be complet...